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Current research in dialogue systems is focused on conversational assistants working on short conversations in either task-oriented or open domain settings. In this paper, we focus on improving task-based conversational assistants online,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-10-06 Ruijie Zhou , Soham Deshmukh , Jeremiah Greer , Charles Lee

Reinforcement Learning (RL) or Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) is a powerful approach to solving Markov Decision Processes (MDPs) when the model of the environment is not known a priori. However, RL models are still faced with challenges…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-06-04 Kabirat Olayemi , Mien Van , Luke Maguire , Sean McLoone

Conflict resolution and consensus building represent critical challenges in multi-agent systems, negotiations, and collaborative decision-making processes. This paper introduces Dialogue Diplomats, a novel end-to-end multi-agent…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Deepak Bolleddu

Maintaining a consistent persona is a key quality for any open domain dialogue system. Current state-of-the-art systems do this by training agents with supervised learning or online reinforcement learning (RL). However, systems trained with…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-18 Ryan Shea , Zhou Yu

The reasoning capability of large language models (LLMs), defined as their ability to analyze, infer, and make decisions based on input information, is essential for building intelligent task-oriented dialogue systems. However, existing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-02 Yu Zhu , Kai Yang

Designing task-oriented dialogue systems is a challenging research topic, since it needs not only to generate utterances fulfilling user requests but also to guarantee the comprehensibility. Many previous works trained end-to-end (E2E)…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-02-22 Jianhong Wang , Yuan Zhang , Tae-Kyun Kim , Yunjie Gu

Dialogue systems (DS), including the task-oriented dialogue system (TOD) and the open-domain dialogue system (ODD), have always been a fundamental task in natural language processing (NLP), allowing various applications in practice. Owing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-22 Hongru Wang , Lingzhi Wang , Yiming Du , Liang Chen , Jingyan Zhou , Yufei Wang , Kam-Fai Wong

Effective tool use is essential for large language models (LLMs) to interact with their environment. However, progress is limited by the lack of efficient reinforcement learning (RL) frameworks specifically designed for tool use, due to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-16 Junjie Ye , Changhao Jiang , Zhengyin Du , Yufei Xu , Xuesong Yao , Zhiheng Xi , Xiaoran Fan , Qi Zhang , Tao Gui , Xuanjing Huang , Jiecao Chen

Long-term memory is important for chatbots and dialogue systems (DS) to create consistent and human-like conversations, evidenced by numerous developed memory-augmented DS (MADS). To evaluate the effectiveness of such MADS, existing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-24 Junqing He , Liang Zhu , Rui Wang , Xi Wang , Reza Haffari , Jiaxing Zhang

End-to-end multi-task dialogue systems are usually designed with separate modules for the dialogue pipeline. Among these, the policy module is essential for deciding what to do in response to user input. This policy is trained by…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-27 Navin Kamuni , Hardik Shah , Sathishkumar Chintala , Naveen Kunchakuri , Sujatha Alla Old Dominion

Building an intelligent dialogue system with the ability to select a proper response according to a multi-turn context is a great challenging task. Existing studies focus on building a context-response matching model with various neural…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-09-15 Ruijian Xu , Chongyang Tao , Daxin Jiang , Xueliang Zhao , Dongyan Zhao , Rui Yan

Existing dialog system models require extensive human annotations and are difficult to generalize to different tasks. The recent success of large pre-trained language models such as BERT and GPT-2 (Devlin et al., 2019; Radford et al., 2019)…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-04-28 Qingyang Wu , Yichi Zhang , Yu Li , Zhou Yu

Large language models (LLMs) struggle in real-world clinical consultations. Single-turn consultation systems require patients to describe all symptoms at once, which often leads to unclear complaints and vague diagnoses. Traditional…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-01 Yichun Feng , Jiawei Wang , Lu Zhou , Yikai Zheng , Zhen Lei , Yixue Li

Through many recent successes in simulation, model-free reinforcement learning has emerged as a promising approach to solving continuous control robotic tasks. The research community is now able to reproduce, analyze and build quickly on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-09-21 A. Rupam Mahmood , Dmytro Korenkevych , Gautham Vasan , William Ma , James Bergstra

World models have been widely utilized in robotics, gaming, and auto-driving. However, their applications on natural language tasks are relatively limited. In this paper, we construct the dialogue world model, which could predict the user's…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-29 Yue Zhao , Xiaoyu Wang , Dan Wang , Zhonglin Jiang , Qingqing Gu , Teng Chen , Ningyuan Xi , Jinxian Qu , Yong Chen , Luo Ji

Continual learning is one of the key components of human learning and a necessary requirement of artificial intelligence. As dialogue can potentially span infinitely many topics and tasks, a task-oriented dialogue system must have the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-11 Christian Geishauser , Carel van Niekerk , Nurul Lubis , Michael Heck , Hsien-Chin Lin , Shutong Feng , Milica Gašić

How can we train a dialog model to produce better conversations by learning from human feedback, without the risk of humans teaching it harmful chat behaviors? We start by hosting models online, and gather human feedback from real-time,…

Reinforcement learning (RL) is a classical tool to solve network control or policy optimization problems in unknown environments. The original Q-learning suffers from performance and complexity challenges across very large networks. Herein,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-02 Talha Bozkus , Urbashi Mitra

Model-based reinforcement learning (MBRL) is widely seen as having the potential to be significantly more sample efficient than model-free RL. However, research in model-based RL has not been very standardized. It is fairly common for…

A central challenge in reinforcement learning (RL) is its dependence on extensive real-world interaction data to learn task-specific policies. While recent work demonstrates that large language models (LLMs) can mitigate this limitation by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-16 Jing-Cheng Pang , Kaiyuan Li , Yidi Wang , Si-Hang Yang , Shengyi Jiang , Yang Yu