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Related papers: What it takes to shun equilibration

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The second law of thermodynamics states that the entropy of an isolated system can only increase over time. This appears to conflict with the reversible evolution of isolated quantum systems under the Schr\"odinger equation, which preserves…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-01-16 Florian Meier , Tom Rivlin , Tiago Debarba , Jake Xuereb , Marcus Huber , Maximilian P. E. Lock

Evidently, some relaxation dynamics, e.g. exponential decays, are much more common in nature than others. Recently there have been attempts to explain this observation on the basis of ``typicality of perturbations'' with respect to their…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-04-29 Robin Heveling , Lars Knipschild , Jochen Gemmer

Concepts like `typicality' and the `eigenstate thermalization hypothesis' aim at explaining the apparent equilibration of quantum systems, possibly after a very long time. However, these concepts are not concerned with the specific way in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-12-12 Lars Knipschild , Jochen Gemmer

A parameter method is introduced in order to estimate the relationship among the various variables of a system in equilibrium, where the potential energy functions are incompletely known or the quantum mechanical calculations very…

General Physics · Physics 2011-05-12 Walton R. Gutierrez

We demonstrate the equilibration of isolated macroscopic quantum systems, prepared in non-equilibrium mixed states with significant population of many energy levels, and observed by instruments with a reasonably bound working range compared…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-11-13 Peter Reimann

We investigate dynamical equilibration of expectation values in closed quantum systems for realistic non-equilibrium initial states. Thereby we find that the corresponding long time expectation values depend on the initial expectation…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2017-06-28 Christian Bartsch , Jochen Gemmer

The standard assumption for the equilibrium microcanonical state in quantum mechanics, that the system must be in one of the energy eigenstates, is weakened so as to allow superpositions of states. The weakened form of the microcanonical…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Dorje C Brody , Daniel W Hook , Lane P Hughston

In this paper we review various information-theoretic characterizations of the approach to equilibrium in biological systems. The replicator equation, evolutionary game theory, Markov processes and chemical reaction networks all describe…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2017-08-22 John C. Baez , Blake S. Pollard

Isolated many-body quantum systems quenched far from equilibrium can eventually equilibrate, but it is not yet clear how long they take to do so. To answer this question, we use exact numerical methods and analyze the entire evolution, from…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2021-08-20 Talía L. M. Lezama , E. Jonathan Torres-Herrera , Francisco Pérez-Bernal , Yevgeny Bar Lev , Lea F. Santos

We consider macroscopic systems in weak contact with boundary reservoirs and under the action of external fields. We present an explicit formula for the Hamiltonian of such systems, from which we deduce the equation of motions, the action…

Probability · Mathematics 2022-11-14 Angèle Bouley , Claudio Landim

Numerous pivotal concepts have been introduced to clarify the puzzle of relaxation and/or equilibration in closed quantum systems. All of these concepts rely in some way on specific conditions on Hamiltonians $H$, observables $A$, and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-07-01 Lars Knipschild , Jochen Gemmer

In this work we revisit the problem of equilibration in isolated many-body interacting quantum systems. We pay particular attention to quantum chaotic Hamiltonians, and rather than focusing on the properties of the asymptotic states and how…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2022-11-09 Manuel H Muñoz-Arias

Precision control of a quantum system requires accurate determination of the effective system Hamiltonian. We develop a method for estimating the Hamiltonian parameters for some unknown two-state system and providing uncertainty bounds on…

A general analytical theory of temporal relaxation processes in isolated quantum systems with many degrees of freedom is elaborated, which unifies and substantially amends several previous approximations. Specifically, the Fourier transform…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2019-05-09 Peter Reimann

We show that the physical mechanism for the equilibration of closed quantum systems is dephasing, and identify the energy scales that determine the equilibration timescale of a given observable. For realistic physical systems (e.g those…

The evolution of a quasi-isolated finite quantum system from a nonequilibrium initial state is considered. The condition of quasi-isolation allows for the description of the system dynamics on the general basis, without specifying the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-04 V. I. Yukalov

The consensus that complexity begets stability in ecosystems was challenged in the seventies, a result recently extended to ecologically-inspired networks. The approaches assume the existence of a feasible equilibrium, i.e. with positive…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2016-12-21 Michael Dougoud , Laura Vinckenbosch , Rudolf Rohr , Louis-Félix Bersier , Christian Mazza

We formulate the problem of approach to equilibrium in algebraic quantum statistical mechanics and study some of its structural aspects, focusing on the relation between the zeroth law of thermodynamics (approach to equilibrium) and the…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2024-09-25 Vojkan Jakšić , Claude-Alain Pillet , Clément Tauber

When complex systems are driven to extinction by some external factor, their non-stationary dynamics can present an intermittent behaviour between relative tranquility and burst of activity whose consequences are often catastrophic. To…

Physics and Society · Physics 2018-03-21 Juan V Escobar , Isaac Pérez Castillo

By using a physically-relevant and theory independent definition of measurement-based equilibration, we show quantitatively that equilibration is easier for quantum systems than for classical systems, in the situation where the initial…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-09-21 Artur S. L. Malabarba , Terry Farrelly , Anthony J. Short