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Biomolecular machines are protein complexes that convert between different forms of free energy. They are utilized in nature to accomplish many cellular tasks. As isothermal nonequilibrium stochastic objects at low Reynolds number, they…

Neural prosthetics are typically situated in an aggressive, biochemical environment that requires materials with superior stability and performance. These probes have dual functionalities of recording and stimulation. The material stability…

X-ray crystallography is the predominant method for obtaining atomic-scale information about biological macromolecules. Despite the success of the technique, obtaining well diffracting crystals still critically limits going from protein to…

Identical objects, regularly assembled, form a helix, which is the principal motif of nucleic acids, proteins, and viral capsids.

The three-dimensional structure of proteins plays a crucial role in determining their function. Protein structure prediction methods, like AlphaFold, offer rapid access to a protein structure. However, large protein complexes cannot be…

Structural assessment of biomolecular complexes is vital for translating molecular models into functional insights, shaping our understanding of biology and aiding drug discovery. However, current structure-based scoring functions often…

Throughout the history of electron microscopy, ribosomes have served as an ideal subject for imaging and technological development, which in turn has driven our understanding of ribosomal biology. Here, we provide a historical perspective…

The ability to control the crystallization behaviour (including its absence) of particles, be they biomolecules such as globular proteins, inorganic colloids, nanoparticles, or metal atoms in an alloy, is of both fundamental and…

Proteins are biological polymers that underlie all cellular functions. The first high-resolution protein structures were determined by x-ray crystallography in the 1960s. Since then, there has been continued interest in understanding and…

Heterogeneity in gene expression across isogenic cell populations can give rise to phenotypic diversity, even when cells are in homogenous environments. This diversity arises from the discrete, stochastic nature of biochemical reactions,…

Cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) has recently become a premier method for obtaining high-resolution structures of biological macromolecules. However, it is limited to biomolecular samples with low conformational heterogeneity, where all…

Feature selection is indispensable in microbiome data analysis, but it can be particularly challenging as microbiome data sets are high-dimensional, underdetermined, sparse and compositional. Great efforts have recently been made on…

Two proteins are homologous if they have a common evolutionary origin, and the binary classification problem is to identify proteins in a candidate set that are homologous to a particular native protein. The feature (explanatory) variables…

Electropermeabilization is a clinical technique in cancer treatment to locally stimulate the cell metabolism. It is based on electrical fields that change the properties of the cell membrane. With that, cancer treatment can reach the cell…

Single-particle cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) has recently joined X-ray crystallography and NMR spectroscopy as a high-resolution structural method for biological macromolecules. Cryo-EM was selected by Nature Methods as Method of the…

Chirality is a ubiquitous phenomenon in the natural world. Many biomolecules without inversion symmetry such as amino acids and sugars are chiral molecules. Measuring and controlling molecular chirality at a high precision down to the…

Proteins are macromolecules that mediate a significant fraction of the cellular processes that underlie life. An important task in bioengineering is designing proteins with specific 3D structures and chemical properties which enable…

Electron and x-ray microscopes allow one to image the entire, unlabeled structure of hydrated materials at a resolution well beyond what visible light microscopes can achieve. However, both approaches involve ionizing radiation, so that…

Analyzing proteins from single cells by tandem mass spectrometry (MS) has become technically feasible. While such analysis has the potential to accurately quantify thousands of proteins across thousands of single cells, the accuracy and…

Imaging single proteins has been a long-standing ambition for advancing various fields in natural science, as for instance structural biology, biophysics and molecular nanotechnology. In particular, revealing the distinct conformations of…