Related papers: Clonal analysis of newborn hippocampal dentate gra…
A hallmark of the adaptive immune response is the proliferation of pathogen-specific lymphocytes that leave in their wake a long lived population of cells that provide lasting immunity. A subject of ongoing investigation is when during an…
A central idea in understanding brains and building artificial intelligence is that structure determines function. Yet, how the brain's complex structure arises from a limited set of genetic instructions remains a key question. The ultra…
Generative models are increasingly used to improve the quality of medical imaging, such as reconstruction of magnetic resonance images and computed tomography. However, it is well-known that such models are susceptible to hallucinations:…
Deep Learning (DL) is a two-step classification model that consists feature learning, generating feature representations using unsupervised ways and the supervised learning stage at the last step of model using at least two hidden layers on…
Human brains respond to semantic features of presented stimuli with different neurons. It is then curious whether modern deep neural networks admit a similar behavior pattern. Specifically, this paper finds a small cluster of neurons in a…
Various neurophysiological and cognitive functions are based on transferring information between spiking neurons via a complex system of synaptic connections. In particular, the capacity of presynaptic inputs to influence the postsynaptic…
A basal animal model is described as an organism similar to a Limpet that is attached to the sea floor living in a reproductive community. Its brain model uses logic cells (gates) to create a high frequency spike generator. Addition logic…
The emergence of complex organs is driven by the coordinated proliferation, migration and differentiation of precursor cells. The fate behaviour of these cells is reflected in the time evolution their progeny, termed clones, which serve as…
A coupled map is suggested to investigate various spatial or temporal designs in biology: Several cells (or tissues) in an organ are considered as connected to each other in terms of some molecular diffusions or electrical potential…
The question of what guides lineage segregation is central to development, where cellular differentiation leads to segregated cell populations destined for specialized functions. Here, using optical tweezers measurements of mouse embryonic…
Hippocampal place and time cells encode spatial and temporal aspects of experience. Both have the same neural substrate, but have been modeled as having different functions and mechanistic origins, place cells as continuous attractors, and…
The claustrum (Cl) is a thin grey matter structure located in the center of each brain hemisphere. Cl has been hypothesized as a central hub of the brain for multisensory/sensorimotor integration, consciousness, and attention. Accumulating…
Expansion of the neocortex is a hallmark of human evolution. However, it remains an open question what adaptive mechanisms facilitated its expansion. Here we show, using gyrencephaly index (GI) and other physiological and life-history data…
Epilepsy is a neurological disorder that affects normal neural activity. These electrical activities can be recorded as signals containing information about the brain known as Electroencephalography (EEG) signals. Analysis of the EEG…
Our adaptive immune system relies on the persistence over long times of a diverse set of antigen-experienced B cells to encode our memories of past infections and to protect us against future ones. While longitudinal repertoire sequencing…
Spatial learning across many species is impaired by lesions in the hippocampus, a subcortical brain structure whose cellular composition changes substantially over its 5 to 6 week lifetime from mainly excitatory neurons during development…
Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) has begun to narrow down the neural correlates of self-generated forms of thought, with current evidence pointing toward central roles for the default, frontoparietal, and visual networks. Recent…
Deploying reliable deep learning techniques in interdisciplinary applications needs learned models to output accurate and (even more importantly) explainable predictions. Existing approaches typically explicate network outputs in a post-hoc…
The analysis of the four-colour maps of galaxies in the Hubble Deep Field has revealed in the sample of 0.4<z<1 early-type field galaxies the existence of ellipticals with a predominantly old coeval stellar population. However, there is…
Epilepsy is one of the common neurological disorders characterized by recurrent and uncontrollable seizures, which seriously affect the life of patients. In many cases, electroencephalograms signal can provide important physiological…