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This paper presents a monoidal category whose morphisms are games (in the sense of game theory, not game semantics) and an associated diagrammatic language. The two basic operations of a monoidal category, namely categorical composition and…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2015-03-23 Jules Hedges

Strategic games admit a multi-graph representation, in which two kinds of relations, accessibility, and preferences, are used to describe how the players compare the possible outcomes. A category of games with a fixed set of players…

Category Theory · Mathematics 2025-02-19 Fernando Tohmé , Ignacio Viglizzo

We introduce open games as a compositional foundation of economic game theory. A compositional approach potentially allows methods of game theory and theoretical computer science to be applied to large-scale economic models for which…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2018-02-16 Neil Ghani , Jules Hedges , Viktor Winschel , Philipp Zahn

Categories of polymorphic lenses in computer science, and of open games in compositional game theory, have a curious structure that is reminiscent of compact closed categories, but differs in some crucial ways. Specifically they have a…

Category Theory · Mathematics 2017-09-19 Jules Hedges

This paper develops the category $\mathbf{NCG}$. Its objects are node-and-choice games, which include essentially all extensive-form games. Its morphisms allow arbitrary transformations of a game's nodes, choices, and players, as well as…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2020-07-29 Peter A. Streufert

The category of open games, which provides a strongly compositional foundation of economic game theory, is intermediate between symmetric monoidal and compact closed. More precisely it has counits with no corresponding units, and a…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2018-03-28 Joe Bolt , Jules Hedges , Viktor Winschel

We use a reformulation of compositional game theory to reunite game theory with game semantics, by viewing an open game as the System and its choice of contexts as the Environment. Specifically, the system is jointly controlled by $n \geq…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2020-09-16 Jules Hedges

We extend the open games framework for compositional game theory to encompass also mixed strategies, making essential use of the discrete probability distribution monad. We show that the resulting games form a symmetric monoidal category,…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2020-09-16 Neil Ghani , Clemens Kupke , Alasdair Lambert , Fredrik Nordvall Forsberg

This paper generalises the treatment of compositional game theory as introduced by Ghani et al. in 2018, where games are modelled as morphisms of a symmetric monoidal category. From an economic modelling perspective, the notion of a game in…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2024-08-07 Joe Bolt , Jules Hedges , Philipp Zahn

A classic model to study strategic decision making in multi-agent systems is the normal-form game. This model can be generalised to allow for an infinite number of pure strategies leading to continuous games. Multi-objective normal-form…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2023-03-02 Willem Röpke , Carla Groenland , Roxana Rădulescu , Ann Nowé , Diederik M. Roijers

Morphisms, structure preserving maps, are everywhere in Mathematics as useful tools for thinking and problem solving, or as objects to study. Here, we argue that the idea of operations being compatible across two domains goes beyond its…

History and Overview · Mathematics 2025-06-11 Attila Egri-Nagy , Miklós Hoffmann

Game theory provides a mathematical framework for analysing strategic situations involving at least two players. Normal-form games model situations where the players simultaneously pick their moves. In this thesis we explore the strategic…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-05-03 Nicholas Ham

The traditional mathematical model for an impartial combinatorial game is defined recursively as a set of the options of the game, where the options are games themselves. We propose a model called gamegraph, together with its generalization…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-11-05 Bojan Bašić , Paul Ellis , Dana C. Ernst , Danijela Popović , Nándor Sieben

Synchronous correlations provide a class of nonlocal games that behave like functions between finite sets. In this work we examine categories whose morphisms are games with synchronous classical, quantum, or general nonsignaling…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-10-25 Brad Lackey , Nishant Rodrigues

Genericity is the idea that the same program can work at many different data types. Longo, Milstead and Soloviev proposed to capture the inability of generic programs to probe the structure of their instances by the following equational…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2013-12-05 Samson Abramsky , Radha Jagadeesan

We develop methods to formally describe and compare games, in order to probe questions of game structure and design, and as a stepping stone to predicting player behavior from design patterns. We define a grammar-like formalism to describe…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2021-01-05 Paul Riggins , David McPherson

An abstraction of normal form games is proposed, called Feasibility/Desirability Games (or FD Games in short). FD Games can be seen from three points of view: as a new presentation of games in which Nash equilibria can be found, as choice…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2009-08-03 Pierre Lescanne

We define a model for linear logic based on two well-known ingredients: games and simulations. This model is interesting in the following respect: while it is obvious that the objects interpreting formulas are games and that everything is…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2009-05-26 Pierre Hyvernat

We show how solution concepts in games such as Nash equilibrium, correlated equilibrium, rationalizability, and sequential equilibrium can be given a uniform definition in terms of \emph{knowledge-based programs}. Intuitively, all solution…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Joseph Y. Halpern , Yoram Moses

This paper introduces Gm, which is a category for extensive-form games. It also provides some applications. The category's objects are games, which are understood to be sets of nodes which have been endowed with edges, information sets,…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2021-06-08 Peter A. Streufert
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