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We introduce a new family of one-player games, involving the movement of coins from one configuration to another. Moves are restricted so that a coin can be placed only in a position that is adjacent to at least two other coins. The goal of…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Erik D. Demaine , Martin L. Demaine , Helena A. Verrill

Positional games are a mathematical class of two-player games comprising Tic-tac-toe and its generalizations. We propose a novel encoding of these games into Quantified Boolean Formulas (QBFs) such that a game instance admits a winning…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2023-11-03 Valentin Mayer-Eichberger , Abdallah Saffidine

We consider Steinhaus cake dividing game.

Metric Geometry · Mathematics 2010-03-31 Alex Ravsky

The twentieth century has seen the rise of a new type of video games targeted at a mass audience of "casual" gamers. Many of these games require the player to swap items in order to form matches of three and are collectively known as…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2014-03-25 Luciano Gualà , Stefano Leucci , Emanuele Natale

Wythoff Nim aka Corner the Lady is a classic combinatorial game. A Queen is placed on an infinite chess board and two players take alternate turns, moving the Queen closer to the corner. The first player that corners the Queen wins. What…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-12-09 Robbert Fokkink , Gerard Francis Ortega , Dan Rust

We investigate multiple variants of the game Cops and Robbers. Playing it on an $n \times n$ toroidal chess graph, the game is varied by defining moves for cops and robbers differently, always mimicking moves of certain chess pieces. In…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-10-26 Allyson Hahn , Neil R. Nicholson

There are few explicit examples of two player nonlocal games with a large gap between classical and quantum value. One of the reasons is that estimating the classical value is usually a hard computational task. This paper is devoted to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-11-07 M. Rosicka , S. Szarek , A. Rutkowski , P. Gnaciński , M. Horodecki

In this note, we investigate combinatorial games where both players move randomly (each turn, independently selecting a legal move uniformly at random). In this model, we provide closed-form expressions for the expected number of turns in a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-01-31 Pat Devlin , Paulina Trifonova

Examples of games between two partners with mixed strategies, calculated by the use of the probability amplitude as some vector in Hilbert space are given. The games are macroscopic, no microscopic quantum agent is supposed. The reason for…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-11 A. A. Grib , A. Yu. Khrennikov , G. N. Parfionov , K. A. Starkov

We propose a variant of Nim, named StrNim. Whereas a position in Nim is a tuple of non-negative integers, that in StrNim is a string, a sequence of characters. In every turn, each player shrinks the string, by removing a substring repeating…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-03-25 Shota Mizuno , Ryo Yoshinaka , Ayumi Shinohara

The cordiality game is played on a graph $G$ by two players, Admirable (A) and Impish (I), who take turns selecting \track{unlabeled} vertices of $G$. Admirable labels the selected vertices by $0$ and Impish by $1$, and the resulting label…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-03-28 Elliot Krop , Aryan Mittal , Michael C. Wigal

We introduce a new type of positional games, played on a vertex set of a graph. Given a graph $G$, two players claim vertices of $G$, where the outcome of the game is determined by the subgraphs of $G$ induced by the vertices claimed by…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-01-03 Gal Kronenberg , Adva Mond , Alon Naor

We study a variation of the combinatorial game of 2-pile Nim. Move as in 2-pile Nim but with the following constraint: Suppose the previous player has just removed say $x>0$ tokens from the shorter pile (either pile in case they have the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2009-06-02 Urban Larsson

A subset of the vertex set of a graph is geodetically convex if it contains every vertex on any shortest path between two elements of the set. The convex hull of a set of vertices is the smallest convex set containing the set. We study…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-10-17 Bret J. Benesh , Dana C. Ernst , Marie Meyer , Sarah Salmon , Nandor Sieben

The triangle game introduced by Chv\'{a}tal and Erd\H{o}s (1978) is one of the most famous combinatorial games. For $n,q\in\mathbb{N}$, the $(n,q)$-triangle game is played by two players, called Maker and Breaker, on the complete graph…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-12-05 Christian Glazik , Anand Srivastav

Partial methods play an important role in formal methods and beyond. Recently such methods were developed for parity games, where polynomial-time partial solvers decide the winners of a subset of nodes. We investigate here how effective…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2016-09-15 Patrick Ah-Fat , Michael Huth

We study algorithms for solving Subtraction games, which sometimes are referred to as one-heap Nim games. We describe a quantum algorithm which is applicable to any game on DAG, and show that its query compexity for solving an arbitrary…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-08-13 Kamil Khadiev , Dmitry Kravchenko

We show that the winning positions of a certain type of two-player game form interesting patterns which often defy analysis, yet can be computed by a cellular automaton. The game, known as {\em Blocking Wythoff Nim}, consists of moving a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-06-05 Matthew Cook , Urban Larsson , Turlough Neary

The New York Times (NYT) games have found widespread popularity in recent years and reportedly account for an increasing fraction of the newspaper's readership. In this paper, we bring the computational lens to the study of New York Times…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2025-09-16 Alessandro Giovanni Alberti , Flavio Chierichetti , Mirko Giacchini , Daniele Muscillo , Alessandro Panconesi , Erasmo Tani

Flip a coin repeatedly, and stop whenever you want. Your payoff is the proportion of heads, and you wish to maximize this payoff in expectation. This so-called Chow-Robbins game is amenable to computer analysis, but while simple-minded…

Probability · Mathematics 2012-01-04 Olle Häggström , Johan Wästlund