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Emerging cyber-physical systems incorporate systems of systems that have functional interdependencies. With the increase in complexity of the cyber-physical systems, the attack surface also expands, making cyber-physical systems more…
Ensuring a car's internal systems are free from security vulnerabilities is of utmost importance, especially due to the relationship between security and other properties, such as safety and reliability. We provide the starting point for a…
Autonomous systems are emerging in many application domains. With the recent advancements in artificial intelligence and machine learning, sensor technology, perception algorithms and robotics, scenarios previously requiring strong human…
Safety assurance is of paramount importance across various domains, including automotive, aerospace, and nuclear energy, where the reliability and acceptability of mission-critical systems are imperative. This assurance is effectively…
As Model Context Protocol (MCP) introduces an easy-to-use ecosystem for users and developers, it also brings underexplored safety risks. Its decentralized architecture, which separates clients and servers, poses unique challenges for…
Background: Due to their diversity, complexity, and above all importance, safety-critical and dependable systems must be developed with special diligence. Criticality increases as these systems likely contain artificial intelligence (AI)…
In this paper, we establish a zero-sum, hybrid state stochastic game model for designing defense policies for cyber-physical systems against different types of attacks. With the increasingly integrated properties of cyber-physical systems…
This paper describes a method for creating compelling safety cases. The method seeks to help improve safety case practice in order to address the weaknesses identified in current practice, in particular confirmation bias, after-the-fact…
Nowadays, companies are highly exposed to cyber security threats. In many industrial domains, protective measures are being deployed and actively supported by standards. However the global process remains largely dependent on document…
The development of cyber-physical system (CPS) is a big challenge because of its complexity and its complex requirements. Especially in Requirements Engineering (RE), there exist many redundant and conflict requirements. Eliminating…
In this work, we perform safety analysis of linear dynamical systems with uncertainties. Instead of computing a conservative overapproximation of the reachable set, our approach involves computing a statistical approximate reachable set. As…
Over the past decade, industrial control systems have experienced a massive integration with information technologies. Industrial networks have undergone numerous technical transformations to protect operational and production processes,…
Due to their privileged position halfway between the physical and the cyber universes, user interfaces may play an important role in preventing, tolerating, and learning from scenarios potentially affecting mission safety and the user's…
The rapid integration of Large Language Models (LLMs) across diverse sectors has marked a transformative era, showcasing remarkable capabilities in text generation and problem-solving tasks. However, this technological advancement is…
We consider requirements for cyber-physical systems represented in constrained natural language. We present novel automated techniques for aiding in the development of these requirements so that they are consistent and can withstand…
Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS) often leverage Reinforcement Learning (RL) techniques to adapt dynamically to changing environments and optimize performance. However, it is challenging to construct safety cases for RL components. We therefore…
Techniques for verifying or invalidating the security of computer systems have come a long way in recent years. Extremely sophisticated tools are available to specify and formally verify the behavior of a system and, at the same time,…
Cybersecurity incident response teams mitigate the impact of adverse cyber-related events in organisations. Field studies of IR teams suggest that at present the process of IR is under-developed with a focus on the technological dimension…
A challenge is to develop cyber-physical system scenarios that reflect the diversity and complexity of real-life cyber-physical systems in the research questions that they address. Time-bounded collaborative events, such as hackathons, jams…
This paper is concerned with the detection, resilient and fault-tolerant control issues for cyber-physical systems. To this end, the impairment of system dynamics caused by the defined types of cyber-attacks and process faults is analyzed.…