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There has been a significant amount of debate around gender differences in intellectual functioning, however, most of this research concerns typically developing populations and lacks research into atypically developing populations and…

History and Overview · Mathematics 2021-12-28 David Giofrè , Katie Allen , Enrico Toffalini , Irene C. Mammarella , Sara Caviola

Modern demands of the statistics profession call for reimagining statistics training. The discipline needs to attract and develop students who are effective as real-world problem solvers, interdisciplinary collaborators, communicators,…

Other Statistics · Statistics 2023-06-16 Camden L. Lopez

While several previous studies have analyzed gender bias in research, we are still missing a comprehensive analysis of gender differences in the AI community, covering diverse topics and different development trends. Using the AI Scholar…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-23 Yiwen Ding , Jiarui Liu , Zhiheng Lyu , Kun Zhang , Bernhard Schoelkopf , Zhijing Jin , Rada Mihalcea

The aim of this paper is twofold:1)contribute to a better understanding of the place of women in Economics and Management disciplines by characterizing the difference in levels of scientific collaboration between men and women at the…

General Economics · Economics 2020-12-01 Abdelghani Maddi , Yves Gingras

We analyze and develop a quantitative model describing the evolution of personal income distribution, PID, for males and females in the U.S. between 1930 and 2014. The overall microeconomic model, which we introduced ten years ago,…

General Finance · Quantitative Finance 2015-10-12 Ivan Kitov , Oleg Kitov

This study employs an ex-post facto research design to explore the fluctuations of gender difference in academic achievement among graduating students of mathematics education. Graduation statistics for a total of 1106 graduating students…

History and Overview · Mathematics 2017-08-31 Clement Iji , Joshua Abah

It is broadly accepted that there is a "gender gap" in face recognition accuracy, with females having higher false match and false non-match rates. However, relatively little is known about the cause(s) of this gender gap. Even the recent…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-06-13 Aman Bhatta , Vítor Albiero , Kevin W. Bowyer , Michael C. King

The Longitudinal Study of Astronomy Graduate Students (LSAGS) arose from the 2003 Women in Astronomy Conference, where it was noted that a majority of young members of the American Astronomical Society were women. The astronomy community…

Physics Education · Physics 2018-11-30 Rachel Ivie , Susan White , Raymond Y. Chu

This paper illustrates the intergenerational transmission of the gender gap in education among first and second-generation immigrants. Using the Current Population Survey (1994-2018), we find that the difference in female-male education…

General Economics · Economics 2021-02-09 Hamid NoghaniBehambari , Nahid Tavassoli , Farzaneh Noghani

In this paper we conduct a longitudinal analysis of the structure of labour markets in the US over 7 decades of technological, economic and policy change. We make use of network science, natural language processing and machine learning to…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2022-04-15 Shahad Althobaiti , Ahmad Alabdulkareem , Judy Hanwen Shen , Iyad Rahwan , Morgan Frank , Esteban Moro , Alex Rutherford

If the ethnic makeup of the astronomy profession is to achieve parity with the general population within one generation (~30 years), the number of underrepresented minorities earning graduate degrees in astronomy and astrophysics must…

This paper is part of the Global Income Dynamics Project cross-country comparison of earnings inequality, volatility, and mobility. Using data from the U.S. Census Bureau's Longitudinal Employer-Household Dynamics (LEHD) infrastructure…

General Economics · Economics 2021-12-14 Kevin L. McKinney , John M. Abowd , Hubert P. Janicki

This paper resolves the empirical puzzle in the public-private wage literature: why studies using similar data reach contradictory conclusions about wage premiums and penalties. Utilizing rich French administrative panel data (2012-2019),…

General Economics · Economics 2025-10-21 Riddhi Kalsi

There is a large literature on earnings and income volatility in labor economics, household finance, and macroeconomics. One strand of that literature has studied whether individual earnings volatility has risen or fallen in the U.S. over…

Using a survey on wage expectations among students at two Swiss institutions of higher education, we examine the wage expectations of our respondents along two main lines. First, we investigate the rationality of wage expectations by…

General Economics · Economics 2021-07-14 Ana Fernandes , Martin Huber , Giannina Vaccaro

Among all of the first-year graduate students enrolled in doctoral-granting physics departments, the percentage of female and racial minority students has remained unchanged for the past 20 years. The current graduate program admissions…

Physics Education · Physics 2022-06-29 Nicholas T Young , Marcos D. Caballero

Conversations around diversity and inclusion in software engineering often focus on gender and racial disparities. However, the State of Devs 2025 survey with 8,717 participants revealed that other forms of discrimination are similarly…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-11-03 Shalini Chakraborty , Sebastian Baltes

Substantial scholarship has estimated the susceptibility of jobs to automation, but little has examined how job contents evolve in the information age as new technologies substitute for tasks, shifting required skills rather than…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-08-08 Di Tong , Lingfei Wu , James Allen Evans

This paper presents quasi-experimental research examining the effect of both local and state anti-discrimination laws on sexual orientation on the labor supply and wages of lesbian, gay, and bisexual (LGB) workers. To do so, we use the…

General Economics · Economics 2025-11-21 Scott Delhommer , Domonkos F. Vamossy

The uniqueness of human labour is at question in times of smart technologies. The 250 years-old discussion on technological unemployment reawakens. Prominently, Frey and Osborne (2017) estimated that half of US employment will be automated…

General Economics · Economics 2021-04-29 Fabian Stephany , Hanno Lorenz