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Far-field optical microscopy using focused light is an important tool in a number of scientific disciplines including chemical, (bio)physical and biomedical research, particularly with respect to the study of living cells and organisms.…
Molecular fluorescence microscopy is a leading approach to super-resolution and nanoscale imaging in life and material sciences. However, super-resolution fluorescence microscopy is often bottlenecked by system-specific calibrations and…
Various techniques have been developed to measure the 2D and 3D positions and 2D and 3D orientations of fluorescent molecules with improved precision over standard epifluorescence microscopes. Due to the challenging signal-to-background…
Automatic detection of visual anomalies and changes in the environment has been a topic of recurrent attention in the fields of machine learning and computer vision over the past decades. A visual anomaly or change detection algorithm…
Scientists use imaging to identify objects of interest and infer properties of these objects. The locations of these objects are often measured with error, which when ignored leads to biased parameter estimates and inflated variance.…
Object counting and localization are key steps for quantitative analysis in large-scale microscopy applications. This procedure becomes challenging when target objects are overlapping, are densely clustered, and/or present fuzzy boundaries.…
Cooperative geolocation has attracted significant research interests in recent years. A large number of localization algorithms rely on the availability of statistical knowledge of measurement errors, which is often difficult to obtain in…
High-throughput 2D and 3D scanning electron microscopy, which relies on automation and dependable control algorithms, requires high image quality with minimal human intervention. Classical focus and astigmatism correction algorithms attempt…
We realize a scanning probe microscope using single trapped $^{87}$Rb atoms to measure optical fields with subwavelength spatial resolution. Our microscope operates by detecting fluorescence from a single atom driven by near-resonant light…
Accessing sub-wavelength information about a scene from the far-field without invasive near-field manipulations is a fundamental challenge in wave engineering. Yet it is well understood that the dwell time of waves in complex media sets the…
Coherent interferometric scattering microscopy (iscat) enables nanoparticle tracking on microsecond timescales and with nanometer precision, and has become a key tool in structural and cellular biophysics. The achievable localization…
Microscope objectives achieve near diffraction-limited performance only when used under the conditions they are designed for. In non-standard geometries, such as thick cover slips or curved surfaces, severe aberrations arise, inevitably…
Coded apertures, traditionally employed in x-ray astronomy for imaging celestial objects, are now being adapted for micro-scale applications, particularly in studying microscopic specimens with synchrotron light diffraction. In this paper,…
We review the systematic uncertainties that have plagued attempts to obtain high precision and high accuracy from ground-based photometric measurements using CCDs. We identify two main challenges in breaking through the 1% precision…
In camera measurement systems, specialized equipment such as telecentric lenses is often employed to measure parts with narrow tolerances. However, despite the use of such equipment, measurement errors can occur due to mechanical and…
The ability to uniquely identify an object or device is important for authentication. Imperfections, locked into structures during fabrication, can be used to provide a fingerprint that is challenging to reproduce. In this paper, we propose…
Object cross-identification in multiple observations is often complicated by the uncertainties in their astrometric calibration. Due to the lack of standard reference objects, an image with a small field of view can have significantly…
The emerging optical multiplexing within nanoscale shows super-capacity in encoding information by using the time-domain fingerprints from uniform nanoparticles. However, the optical diffraction limit compromises the decoding throughput and…
Fourier microscopy is becoming an increasingly important tool for the analysis of optical nanostructures and quantum emitters. However, achieving quantitative Fourier space measurements requires a thorough understanding of the impact of…
The development of sensitive large format imaging arrays for the infrared promises to provide revolutionary capabilities for space astronomy. For example, the Infrared Array Camera (IRAC) on SIRTF will use four 256 x 256 arrays to provide…