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A cryptarithm is a mathematical puzzle where given an arithmetic equation written with letters rather than numerals, a player must discover an assignment of numerals on letters that makes the equation hold true. In this paper, we propose a…
This paper deals with the size complexity of minimal {\it two-way quantum finite automata} (2qfa's) necessary for operations to perform on all inputs of each fixed length. Such a complexity measure, known as state complexity of operations,…
We investigate the constrained synchronization problem for weakly acyclic, or partially ordered, input automata. We show that, for input automata of this type, the problem is always in NP. Furthermore, we give a full classification of the…
In this paper we present a new fast algorithm finding minimal reset words for finite synchronizing automata. The problem is know to be computationally hard, and our algorithm is exponential. Yet, it is faster than the algorithms used so far…
We consider the problem of minimising the number of states in a multiplicity tree automaton over the field of rational numbers. We give a minimisation algorithm that runs in polynomial time assuming unit-cost arithmetic. We also show that a…
Syntactic obligations are a fragment of LTL formulas that translate to deterministic weak $\omega$-automata (DWA). We show that syntactic obligations can be very efficiently converted to minimal DWA represented using multi-terminal binary…
We present a flexible rule compiler developed for a text-to-speech (TTS) system. The compiler converts a set of rules into a finite-state transducer (FST). The input and output of the FST are subject to parameterization, so that the system…
We construct a probabilistic finite automaton (PFA) with 7 states and an input alphabet of 5 symbols for which the PFA Emptiness Problem is undecidable. The only input for the decision problem is the starting distribution. For the proof, we…
An automaton is synchronizing if there is a word that maps all states onto the same state. \v{C}ern\'{y}'s conjecture on the length of the shortest such word is probably the most famous open problem in automata theory. We consider the…
Given a Probabilistic Finite Automata (PFA), a set of states S, and an error threshold e > 0, our algorithm approximates the infimum probability (quantifying over all infinite words) that the automata reaches S. Our result contrasts with…
Given a nondeterministic finite-state automaton (NFA), we aim to estimate the size of an equivalent deterministic finite-state automaton (DFA). We demonstrate that computing the state complexity of an NFA within polynomial precision is…
We present a polynomial time algorithm that constructs a deterministic parity automaton (DPA) from a given set of positive and negative ultimately periodic example words. We show that this algorithm is complete for the class of…
It was conjectured by \v{C}ern\'y in 1964 that a synchronizing DFA on $n$ states always has a shortest synchronizing word of length at most $(n-1)^2$, and he gave a sequence of DFAs for which this bound is reached. In this paper, we…
Probabilistic deterministic finite automata (PDFA) are discrete event systems modeling conditional probabilities over languages: Given an already seen sequence of tokens they return the probability of tokens of interest to appear next.…
This paper focuses on the noiseless complete dictionary learning problem, where the goal is to represent a set of given signals as linear combinations of a small number of atoms from a learned dictionary. There are two main challenges faced…
The problem of constructing optimal factoring automata arises in the context of unification factoring for the efficient execution of logic programs. Given an ordered set of $n$ strings of length $m$, the problem is to construct a trie-like…
In coding and information theory, it is desirable to construct maximal codes that can be either variable length codes or error control codes of fixed length. However deciding code maximality boils down to deciding whether a given NFA is…
Regular expressions (res), because of their succinctness and clear syntax, are the common choice to represent regular languages. However, efficient pattern matching or word recognition depend on the size of the equivalent nondeterministic…
Understanding recurrent networks through rule extraction has a long history. This has taken on new interests due to the need for interpreting or verifying neural networks. One basic form for representing stateful rules is deterministic…
Factor Analysis (FA) is a technique of fundamental importance that is widely used in classical and modern multivariate statistics, psychometrics and econometrics. In this paper, we revisit the classical rank-constrained FA problem, which…