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Large variations in stock prices happen with sufficient frequency to raise doubts about existing models, which all fail to account for non-Gaussian statistics. We construct simple models of a stock market, and argue that the large…

Condensed Matter · Physics 2015-06-25 P. Bak , M. Paczuski , M. Shubik

Financial anomalies arise from heterogeneous mechanisms -- price shocks, liquidity freezes, contagion cascades, and momentum reversals -- yet existing detectors produce uniform scores without revealing which mechanism is failing. This…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Zan Li , Rui Fan

We will compare three types of prices, namely, rational (hedging) prices, geometric (growth rate) prices, and martingale (measure) prices. We will show that rational prices in the complete market theory are sometimes contrary to common…

Pricing of Securities · Quantitative Finance 2008-12-02 Yukio Hirashita

We analyze the relative price change of assets starting from basic supply/demand considerations subject to arbitrary motivations. The resulting stochastic differential equation has coefficients that are functions of supply and demand. We…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2020-08-26 Carey Caginalp , Gunduz Caginalp

This paper examines the impact of cognitive biases on financial decision-making through a static Bayesian game framework. While traditional economic theory assumes fully rational investors, real-world choices are often shaped by loss…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2025-05-27 Samiha Tariq

One the one hand, rough volatility has been shown to provide a consistent framework to capture the properties of stock price dynamics both under the historical measure and for pricing purposes. On the other hand, market price of volatility…

Mathematical Finance · Quantitative Finance 2025-12-05 Ofelia Bonesini , Antoine Jacquier , Aitor Muguruza

The thesis of this essay is that, in heterogeneous agent macroeconomics, the assumption of rational expectations about equilibrium prices is unrealistic and should be replaced. Rational expectations imply that decision makers forecast…

General Economics · Economics 2025-08-29 Benjamin Moll

We present a dynamical theory of asset price bubbles that exhibits the appearance of bubbles and their subsequent crashes. We show that when speculative trends dominate over fundamental beliefs, bubbles form, leading to the growth of asset…

adap-org · Physics 2008-02-03 Michael Youssefmir , Bernardo Huberman , Tad Hogg

Most finance studies are discussed on the basis of several hypotheses, for example, investors rationally optimize their investment strategies. However, the hypotheses themselves are sometimes criticized. Market impacts, where trades of…

Computational Finance · Quantitative Finance 2022-02-03 Takanobu Mizuta , Isao Yagi , Kosei Takashima

It is essential to incorporate the impact of investor behavior when modeling the dynamics of asset returns. In this paper, we reconcile behavioral finance and rational finance by incorporating investor behavior within the framework of…

Mathematical Finance · Quantitative Finance 2020-04-23 Abootaleb Shirvani , Yuan Hu , Svetlozar T. Rachev , Frank J. Fabozzi

The relationship between price volatilty and a market extremum is examined using a fundamental economics model of supply and demand. By examining randomness through a microeconomic setting, we obtain the implications of randomness in the…

Mathematical Finance · Quantitative Finance 2018-07-31 Carey Caginalp , Gunduz Caginalp

An empirical analysis, suggested by optimal Merton dynamics, reveals some unexpected features of asset volumes. These features are connected to traders' belief and risk aversion. This paper proposes a trading strategy model in the optimal…

Trading and Market Microstructure · Quantitative Finance 2026-05-27 Francesca Mariani , Maria Cristina Recchioni , Tai-Ho Wang , Roberto Giacalone

Nontransitive choices have long been an area of curiosity within economics. However, determining whether nontransitive choices represent an individual's preference is a difficult task since choice data is inherently stochastic. This paper…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2023-05-01 Mogens Fosgerau , John Rehbeck

Many studies assume stock prices follow a random process known as geometric Brownian motion. Although approximately correct, this model fails to explain the frequent occurrence of extreme price movements, such as stock market crashes. Using…

Statistical Finance · Quantitative Finance 2015-05-14 Miguel A. Fuentes , Austin Gerig , Javier Vicente

The aim of this work consists in the study of the optimal investment strategy for a behavioural investor, whose preference towards risk is described by both a probability distortion and an S-shaped utility function. Within a continuous-time…

Portfolio Management · Quantitative Finance 2013-04-30 Miklos Rasonyi , Andrea M. Rodrigues

Behavior of systems that are functions of anticipated behavior of other systems, whose own behavior is also anticipatory but homeostatic and determined by hierarchical ordering, which changes over time, of sets of possible environments that…

General Finance · Quantitative Finance 2013-07-17 Leonid A. Shapiro

This article's aim is to provide the solution to the equity premium puzzle without using calibrated values. Calibrated values of subjective time discount factor were used in my prior derived models because 4 variables were determined from 3…

General Finance · Quantitative Finance 2026-03-16 Atilla Aras

Episodes of market crashes have fascinated economists for centuries. Although many academics, practitioners and policy makers have studied questions related to collapsing asset price bubbles, there is little consensus yet about their causes…

Risk Management · Quantitative Finance 2008-12-15 T. Kaizoji , D. Sornette

This paper investigates how two important sources of risk -- market tail risk and extreme market volatility risk -- are priced into the cross-section of asset returns across various investment horizons. To identify such risks, we propose a…

Pricing of Securities · Quantitative Finance 2021-12-13 Jozef Baruník , Matěj Nevrla

This paper proposes a theory of stock market predictability patterns based on a model of heterogeneous beliefs. In a discrete finite time framework, some agents receive news about an asset's fundamental value through a noisy signal. The…

Pricing of Securities · Quantitative Finance 2024-06-13 Jiho Park