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This paper resolves two open problems in extremal set theory. For a family $\mathcal{F} \subseteq 2^{[n]}$ and $i, j\in [n]$, we denote $\mathcal{F} (i,\bar{j})=\{F\backslash\{i\}: F\in \mathcal{F}, F\cap\{i,j\}=\{i\}\}$. The sturdiness…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-04-21 Yongjiang Wu , Zhiyi Liu , Lihua Feng , Yongtao Li

A central result in extremal set theory is the celebrated theorem of Sperner from 1928, which gives the size of the largest family of subsets of [n] not containing a 2-chain. Erdos extended this theorem to determine the largest family…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2013-04-25 Shagnik Das , Wenying Gan , Benny Sudakov

Let $n > k > 1$ be integers, $[n] = \{1, \ldots, n\}$. Let $\mathcal F$ be a family of $k$-subsets of~$[n]$. The family $\mathcal F$ is called intersecting if $F \cap F' \neq \emptyset$ for all $F, F' \in \mathcal F$. It is called almost…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-03-22 Peter Frankl , Andrey Kupavskii

Recall that in a laminar family, any two sets are either disjoint or contained one in the other. Here, a parametrized weakening of this condition is introduced. Let us say that a set system $\mathcal{F} \subseteq 2^X$ is $t$-laminar if $A,B…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2014-06-13 Peter Dukes

In extremal set theory our usual goal is to find the maximal size of a family of subsets of an $n$-element set satisfying a condition. A condition is called chain-dependent, if it is satisfied for a family if and only if it is satisfied for…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-07-06 Dániel T. Nagy , Kartal Nagy

A family of sets F is said to be union-closed if A \cup B is in F for every A and B in F. Frankl's conjecture states that given any finite union-closed family of sets, not all empty, there exists an element contained in at least half of the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Robert Morris

The Frankl conjecture, also known as the union-closed sets conjecture, states that in any finite non-empty union-closed family, there exists an element in at least half of the sets. From an optimization point of view, one could instead…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-08-03 Jonad Pulaj , Annie Raymond , Dirk Theis

Given a set $X$, a collection $\mathcal{F}\subseteq\mathcal{P}(X)$ is said to be $k$-Sperner if it does not contain a chain of length $k+1$ under set inclusion and it is saturated if it is maximal with respect to this property. Gerbner et…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2014-08-22 Natasha Morrison , Jonathan A. Noel , Alex Scott

We call a family $\mathcal{F}$ of subsets of $[n]$ $s$-saturated if it contains no $s$ pairwise disjoint sets, and moreover no set can be added to $\mathcal{F}$ while preserving this property (here $[n] = \{1,\ldots,n\}$). More than 40…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-12-11 Matija Bucić , Shoham Letzter , Benny Sudakov , Tuan Tran

A family of sets is called $r$-\emph{cover free} if no set in the family is contained in the union of $r$ (or less) other sets in the family. A $1$-cover free family is simply an antichain with respect to set inclusion. Thus, Sperner's…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-11-10 Noga Alon , Shoni Gilboa , Shay Gueron

We answer a question from Raghavan and Stepr{\=a}ns' paper on weakly tight families by showing that $\mathfrak{s} = {\mathfrak{s}}_{\omega, \omega}$. Then we use this to construct a completely separable maximal almost disjoint family under…

Logic · Mathematics 2019-08-15 Heike Mildenberger , Dilip Raghavan , Juris Steprāns

A \textsl{Sperner $k$-partition system} on a set $X$ is a set of partitions of $X$ into $k$ classes such that the classes of the partitions form a Sperner set system (so no class from a partition is a subset of a class from another…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2012-01-23 P. C. Li , Karen Meagher

A set system is called union closed if for any two sets in the set system their union is also in the set system. Gilmer recently proved that in any union closed set system some element belongs to at least a $0.01$ fraction of sets, and…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-11-22 Zachary Chase , Shachar Lovett

A family $\mathcal{F}$ of $k$-subsets of an $n$-set is called $s$-almost $t$-intersecting if each member is $t$-disjoint with at most $s$ members. In this paper, we prove that, if $\left|\mathcal{F}\right|$ is maximum, then $\mathcal{F}$…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-01-13 Dehai Liu , Kaishun Wang , Tian Yao

Let $n > k > t \geq j \geq 1$ be integers. Let $X$ be an $n$-element set, ${X\choose k}$ the collection of its $k$-subsets. A family $\mathcal F \subset {X\choose k}$ is called $t$-intersecting if $|F \cap F'| \geq t$ for all $F, F' \in…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-01-11 P. Frankl , G. O. H. Katona

The union-closed sets conjecture (Frankl's conjecture) says that for any finite union-closed family of finite sets, other than the family consisting only of the empty set, there exists an element that belongs to at least half of the sets in…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-11-07 Ze-Chun Hu , Shi-Lun Li

A family of subsets of $[n]$ is intersecting if every pair of its sets intersects. Determining the structure of large intersecting families is a central problem in extremal combinatorics. Frankl-Kupavskii and Balogh-Das-Liu-Sharifzadeh-Tran…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-10-24 József Balogh , Ramon I. Garcia , Lina Li , Adam Zsolt Wagner

Let $(\mathcal{F},\mathcal{G})$ be a pair of families of $[n]$, where $[n]=\{1,2,...,n\}$. If $A\not\subset B$ and $B\not\subset A$ hold for all $A\in\mathcal{F}$ and $B\in\mathcal{G}$, then $(\mathcal{F},\mathcal{G})$ is called a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-07-12 Junyao Pan

A $k$-wise $\ell$-divisible set family is a collection $\mathcal{F}$ of subsets of ${ \{1,\ldots,n \} }$ such that any intersection of $k$ sets in $\mathcal{F}$ has cardinality divisible by $\ell$. If $k=\ell=2$, it is well-known that…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-04-29 Chenying Lin , Gilles Zémor

Let $n$ be any positive integer and $\mathcal{F}$ be a family of subsets of $[n]$. A family $\mathcal{F}'$ is said to be $D$-\emph{secting} for $\mathcal{F}$ if for every $A \in \mathcal{F}$, there exists a subset $A' \in \mathcal{F}'$ such…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-02-21 Niranjan Balachandran , Rogers Mathew , Tapas Kumar Mishra , Sudebkumar Prasant Pal