Related papers: The reliability of a nutritional meta-analysis stu…
Claims from observational studies often fail to replicate. A study was undertaken to assess the reliability of cohort studies used in a highly cited meta-analysis of the association between ambient nitrogen dioxide, NO2, and fine…
Background: Risk ratios or p-values from multiple, independent studies, observational or randomized, can be computationally combined to provide an overall assessment of a research question in meta-analysis. However, an irreproducibility…
Summary Background Claims made in science papers are coming under increased scrutiny with many claims failing to replicate. Meta-analysis studies that use unreliable observational studies should be in question. We examine the reliability of…
In observational studies of dietary exposures, the energy adjustment strategy has a critical impact on the effect being estimated. Adjusting for total energy intake or expressing the exposure as a percentage of total energy, leads to a…
Odds ratios or p_values from individual observational studies can be combined to examine a common cause_effect research question in meta_analysis. However, reliability of individual studies used in meta_analysis should not be taken for…
[See paper for full abstract] Meta-analysis is a crucial tool for answering scientific questions. It is usually conducted on a relatively small amount of ``trusted'' data -- ideally from randomized, controlled trials -- which allow causal…
Recently, importance of meta-analysis is increasing in the field of dentistry, since it is not easy to settle controversies arising from conflicting studies. Meta-analysis is the statistical method of combining results from two or more…
Measurement error arises commonly in clinical research settings that rely on data from electronic health records or large observational cohorts. In particular, self-reported outcomes are typical in cohort studies for chronic diseases such…
Massive numbers of meta-analysis studies are being published. A Google Scholar search of "systematic review and meta-analysis" returns about 452k hits since 2014. The search was done on Jan 14, 2019. There is a need to have some way to…
Random effects meta-analysis is widely used for synthesizing studies under the assumption that underlying effects come from a normal distribution. However, under certain conditions the use of alternative distributions might be more…
Meta-analysis, by synthesizing effect estimates from multiple studies conducted in diverse settings, stands at the top of the evidence hierarchy in clinical research. Yet, conventional approaches based on fixed- or random-effects models…
Standard random-effects meta-analysis methods perform poorly when applied to few studies only. Such settings however are commonly encountered in practice. It is unclear, whether or to what extent small-sample-size behaviour can be improved…
The present study investigates the performance of several statistical tests to detect publication bias in diagnostic meta-analysis by means of simulation. While bivariate models should be used to pool data from primary studies in diagnostic…
Obesity is known to lower the quality of life substantially. It is often associated with increased chances of non-communicable diseases such as diabetes, cardiovascular problems, various cancers, etc. Evidence suggests that diet-related…
Purpose: Although elevated BMI is a well-known risk factor for type 2 diabetes, the disease's presence in some lean adults and absence in others with obesity suggests that detailed body composition may uncover abdominal phenotypes of type 2…
Artificially sweetened beverages like Diet Coke are often considered better alternatives to sugary drinks, but the debate over their impact on health, particularly in relation to obesity, continues. Previous research has predominantly used…
Meta-analysis can be a critical part of the research process, often serving as the primary analysis on which the practitioners, policymakers, and individuals base their decisions. However, current literature synthesis approaches to…
Access to healthy food is key to maintaining a healthy lifestyle and can be quantified by the distance to the nearest grocery store. However, calculating this distance forces a trade-off between cost and correctness. Accurate route-based…
We consider the setting of an aggregate data meta-analysis of a continuous outcome of interest. When the distribution of the outcome is skewed, it is often the case that some primary studies report the sample mean and standard deviation of…
P values or risk ratios from multiple, independent studies, observational or randomized, can be computationally combined to provide an overall assessment of a research question in meta-analysis. There is a need to examine the reliability of…