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The microscopic processes underlying electro-optic sampling of quantum-vacuum fluctuations are discussed, leading to the interpretation of these experiments in terms of an exchange of virtual photons. With this in mind it is shown how one…

Quantum fluctuations lead to an anomalous violation of parity symmetry in quantum electrodynamics for an even number of spatial dimensions. While the leading parity-odd electric current vanishes in vacuum, we uncover a non-cancellation of…

Quantum Gases · Physics 2020-05-06 Robert Ott , Torsten V. Zache , Niklas Mueller , Jürgen Berges

Light propagation is investigated in the context of local anisotropic nonlinear dielectric media at rest with the dielectric coefficients $\epsilon^\mu{}_\nu = \epsilon^\mu{}_\nu (\vec{E},\vec{B})$ and constant $\mu$, in the limit of…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-11-26 V. A. De Lorenci , R. Klippert , D. H. Teodoro

Refraction, interference, and diffraction serve as distinguishing features for wave-like phenomena. While they are normally associated only with a purely spatial wave-propagation pattern, analogs to interference and diffraction involving…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-05-17 M. Jaaskelainen , M. Lombard , U. Zuelicke

Consider the transverse magnetic polarization of the electromagnetic scattering of a plane wave by a perfectly conducting plane surface, which contains a two-dimensional subwavelength rectangular cavity. The enhancement is investigated…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2017-11-21 Yixian Gao , Peijun Li , Xiaokai Yuan

We study theoretically the magnetic field effect on a neutral, but polarizable exciton confined in quantum-ring structures. For excitons with a nonzero dipole moment, a novel magnetic interference effect occurs: The ground state of an…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2015-06-24 A. O. Govorov , A. V. Kalameitsev , R. Warburton , K. Karrai , S. E. Ulloa

Recently, it has been observed that a quantum field theory need not be Hermitian to have a real, positive spectrum. What seems to be required is symmetry under combined parity and time-reversal transformations. This idea is extended to…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2007-05-23 Carl M. Bender , Kimball A. Milton

Vacuum fluctuations of quantum fields are altered in presence of a strong gravitational background, with important physical consequences. We argue that a non-trivial spacetime geometry can act as an optically active medium for quantum…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2017-11-22 Ivan Agullo , Adrian del Rio , Jose Navarro-Salas

We study graviton-photon conversions in an environment of the uniform and constant magnetic field considering Euler-K\"ockel-Heisenberg-type nonlinear corrections in electrodynamics. We take the transverse-tracefree gauge for gravitons and…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-05-21 Jai-chan Hwang , Hyerim Noh

By introducing concepts of beam shaping into quantum mechanics, we show how interference effects of the quantum wavefunction describing multiple electrons can exactly balance the repulsion among the electrons. With proper shaping of the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-10-17 Maor Mutzafi , Ido Kaminer , Gal Harari , Mordechai Segev

The parametric ladder climbing (successive Landau-Zener-type transitions) and the quantum saturation of the threshold for the classical parametric autoresonance due to the zero point fluctuations at low temperatures are discussed. The…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-18 Ido Barth , Lazar Friedland

Parity-violating extensions of Maxwell electromagnetism induce a rotation of the linear polarization plane of photons during propagation. This effect, known as cosmic birefringence, impacts on the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB)…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2022-05-18 Alessandro Greco , Nicola Bartolo , Alessandro Gruppuso

We study unconventional cavity optomechanics and the acoustic analogue of radiation pressure to show the possibility of nonlinear coherent control of phonons in the acoustic quantum vacuum. Specifically, we study systems where a quantized…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-12-25 Xin Wang , Wei Qin , Adam Miranowicz , Salvatore Savasta , Franco Nori

Within the model of a Lorentz violating extension of the Maxwell sector of the standard model, modified light propagation leads to a change of the resonance frequency of an electromagnetic cavity, allowing cavity tests of Lorentz violation.…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2009-11-07 Holger Mueller , Claus Braxmaier , Sven Herrmann , Achim Peters , Claus Laemmerzahl

We investigate the spontaneous emission of a two-level system, e.g. an atom or atomlike object, coupled to a single-end, i.e., semi-infinite, one-dimensional photonic waveguide such that one end behaves as a perfect mirror while light can…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-01-23 T. Tufarelli , F. Ciccarello , M. S. Kim

Quantum mechanics predicts the occurrence of random electromagnetic field fluctuations, or virtual photons, in vacuum. The exchange of virtual photons between two bodies in relative motion could lead to non-contact quantum vacuum friction…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-03-12 Zhujing Xu , Peng Ju , Kunhong Shen , Yuanbin Jin , Zubin Jacob , Tongcang Li

It is proposed that the paradox of wave-particle duality in quantum mechanics may be resolved using a physical picture analogous to magnetic domains. Within this picture, a quantum particle represents a coherent region of a quantum wave…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Alan M. Kadin

Both real and virtual photons can be involved in light-matter interactions. A famous example of the observable implications of virtual photons -- vacuum fluctuations of the quantum electromagnetic field -- is the Casimir effect. Since…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-08-29 S. Ali Hassani Gangaraj , George Hanson , Francesco Monticone

A quantum nature of vacuum is expected to affect electromagnetic fields in vacuum as a nonlinear correction, yielding nonlinear Maxwell's equations. We extend the finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method in the case that the nonlinear…

Optics · Physics 2022-02-04 Kazunori Shibata

We study the influence of fluctuations in periodic motion of boundaries of an ideal three-dimensional cavity on the rate of photon generation from vacuum due to the nonstationary Casimir effect.

Quantum Physics · Physics 2010-06-29 A. V. Dodonov , E. V. Dodonov , V. V. Dodonov