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We study how the number $c(X)$ of components of a graph $X$ can be expressed through the number and properties of the components of a quotient graph $X/\sim.$ We partially rely on classic qualifications of graph homomorphisms such as…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-07-25 Daniela Bubboloni

We describe two formalisms for defining graph languages, and prove that they are equivalent: 1. Separator logic. This is first-order logic on graphs which is allowed to use the edge relation, and for every $n \in \{0,1,\ldots \}$ a relation…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2021-09-03 Mikolaj Bojanczyk

A graph $G = (V, E)$ is \emph{partitionable} if there exists a partition $\{A, B\}$ of $V$ such that $A$ induces a disjoint union of cliques and $B$ induces a triangle-free graph. In this paper we investigate the computational complexity of…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2015-01-06 Faisal N. Abu-Khzam , Carl Feghali , Haiko Müller

The representation of graphs is commonly based on the adjacency matrix concept. This formulation is the foundation of most algebraic and computational approaches to graph processing. The advent of deep learning language models offers a wide…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Ezequiel Lopez-Rubio

We begin with a new analysis of formal words. Let w be a formal word in letters g_1,...,g_k. The word map associated with w maps the permutations s_1,...,s_k in S_n to the permutation obtained by replacing for each i, every occurrence of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2011-04-21 Nati Linial , Doron Puder

In this paper, we revisit the split decomposition of graphs and give new combinatorial and algorithmic results for the class of totally decomposable graphs, also known as the distance hereditary graphs, and for two non-trivial subclasses,…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2011-04-19 Emeric Gioan , Christophe Paul

A divisor graph $G$ is an ordered pair $(V, E)$ where $V \subset \mathbbm{Z}$ and for all $u \neq v \in V$, $u v \in E$ if and only if $u \mid v$ or $v \mid u$. A graph which is isomorphic to a divisor graph is also called a divisor graph.…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Le Anh Vinh

Let $X$ be a non-empty set of positive integers and $X^*=X\setminus \{1\}$. The divisibility graph $D(X)$ has $X^*$ as the vertex set and there is an edge connecting $a$ and $b$ with $a, b\in X^*$ whenever $a$ divides $b$ or $b$ divides…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2014-07-17 Adeleh Abdolghafourian , Mohammad A. Iranmanesh

In this paper we consider the separability problem for bipartite quantum states arising from graphs. Earlier it was proved that the degree criterion is the graph-theoretic counterpart of the familiar positive partial transpose criterion for…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-07-29 Supriyo Dutta , Bibhas Adhikari , Subhashish Banerjee , R. Srikanth

Given a set $F$ of words, one associates to each word $w$ in $F$ an undirected graph, called its extension graph, and which describes the possible extensions of $w$ on the left and on the right. We investigate the family of sets of words…

The divisor graph is the non oriented graph whose vertices are the positive integers, and edges are the {a,b} such that a divides b or b divides a. Let F(x,y) be the maximum number of integers<= x belonging in one of y pairwise disjoint…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-02-18 Eric Saias

We present a new framework for dealing with $C^{\infty}$-words, based on their left and right frontiers. This allows us to give a compact representation of them, and to describe the set of $C^{\infty}$-words through an infinite directed…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2014-12-22 Jean-Marc Fédou , Gabriele Fici

A graph $G$ is perfectly divisible if every induced subgraph $H$ of $G$ contains a set $X$ of vertices such that $X$ meets all largest cliques of $H$, and $X$ induces a perfect graph. The chromatic number of a perfectly divisible graph $G$…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-06-19 Chính T. Hoàng

We propose a new approach to the Chinese word segmentation problem that considers the sentence as an undirected graph, whose nodes are the characters. One can use various techniques to compute the edge weights that measure the connection…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-04-06 Yuanhao Liu , Sheng Yu

Let $(X,E_X)$ and $(V,E_V)$ be finite connected graphs without loops. We assume that $V$ has two distinguished vertices $a,b$ and an automorphism $\gamma$ which exchanges $a$ and~$b$. The $V$-edge substitution of $X$ is the graph $X[V]$…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-08-21 Thomas Hirschler , Wolfgang Woess

We investigate which chordal graphs have a representation as intersection graphs of pseudosegments. For positive we have a construction which shows that all chordal graphs that can be represented as intersection graph of subpaths on a tree…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2008-09-12 Cornelia Dangelmayr , Stefan Felsner , William T. Trotter

Let $G$ be a connected graph with maximum degree $\Delta$. Brooks' theorem states that $G$ has a $\Delta$-coloring unless $G$ is a complete graph or an odd cycle. A graph $G$ is \emph{degree-choosable} if $G$ can be properly colored from…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-06-19 Daniel W. Cranston , Landon Rabern

A graph $G$ is said to be $2$-divisible if for all (nonempty) induced subgraphs $H$ of $G$, $V(H)$ can be partitioned into two sets $A,B$ such that $\omega(A) < \omega(H)$ and $\omega(B) < \omega(H)$. A graph $G$ is said to be perfectly…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-04-25 Maria Chudnovsky , Vaidy Sivaraman

A graph $G$ of order $nv$ where $n\geq 2$ and $v\geq 2$ is said to be weakly $(n,v)$-clique-partitioned if its vertex set can be decomposed in a unique way into $n$ vertex-disjoint $v$-cliques. It is strongly $(n,v)$-clique-partitioned if…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-04-04 Grahame Erskine , Terry Griggs , Jozef Širáň

Motivated by the concept of well-covered graphs, we define a graph to be well-bicovered if every vertex-maximal bipartite subgraph has the same order (which we call the bipartite number). We first give examples of them, compare them with…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-09-18 Wayne Goddard , Kirsti Kuenzel , Eileen Melville