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In this paper, we propose a novel statistical framework for watermarking generative categorical data. Our method systematically embeds pre-agreed secret signals by splitting the data distribution into two components and modifying one…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-11-19 Bochao Gu , Hengzhi He , Guang Cheng

The huge supporting training data on the Internet has been a key factor in the success of deep learning models. However, this abundance of public-available data also raises concerns about the unauthorized exploitation of datasets for…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-04-11 Ruixiang Tang , Qizhang Feng , Ninghao Liu , Fan Yang , Xia Hu

This paper introduces a novel problem, distributional information embedding, motivated by the practical demands of multi-bit watermarking for large language models (LLMs). Unlike traditional information embedding, which embeds information…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-07-03 Haiyun He , Yepeng Liu , Ziqiao Wang , Yongyi Mao , Yuheng Bu

Maintaining the security of control systems in the presence of integrity attacks is a significant challenge. In literature, several possible attacks against control systems have been formulated including replay, false data injection, and…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2017-06-27 Sean Weerakkody , Bruno Sinopoli

Recent advancements in large language models (LLMs) have highlighted the risk of misusing them, raising the need for accurate detection of LLM-generated content. In response, a viable solution is to inject imperceptible identifiers into…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-11 Minjia Mao , Dongjun Wei , Zeyu Chen , Xiao Fang , Michael Chau

This paper considers a method of coding the sensor outputs in order to detect stealthy false data injection attacks. An intelligent attacker can design a sequence of data injection to sensors and actuators that pass the state estimator and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2016-11-17 Fei Miao , Quanyan Zhu , Miroslav Pajic , George J. Pappas

Putting a watermark into digital circuitry has its own set of challenges. Creating a secure watermark in printed matter usually involves including graphics that are difficult to reproduce. In circuitry, including additional circuitry that…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-03-24 James Gil de Lamadrid , Seonho Choi

Well-performed deep neural networks (DNNs) generally require massive labelled data and computational resources for training. Various watermarking techniques are proposed to protect such intellectual properties (IPs), wherein the DNN…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-04-04 Xiangyu Wen , Yu Li , Wei Jiang , Qiang Xu

With the widespread deployment of deep neural network (DNN) models, dynamic watermarking techniques are being used to protect the intellectual property of model owners. However, recent studies have shown that existing watermarking schemes…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-04 Brian Choi , Shu Wang , Isabelle Choi , Kun Sun

As deep learning (DL) models are widely and effectively used in Machine Learning as a Service (MLaaS) platforms, there is a rapidly growing interest in DL watermarking techniques that can be used to confirm the ownership of a particular…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-11-22 Mikhail Pautov , Nikita Bogdanov , Stanislav Pyatkin , Oleg Rogov , Ivan Oseledets

In recent years fingerprinting of various physical and logical devices has been proposed with the goal of uniquely identifying users or devices of mainstream IT systems such as PCs, Laptops and smart phones. On the other hand, the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2017-12-06 Chuadhry Mujeeb Ahmed , Aditya Mathur , Martin Ochoa

We consider a sensor network focused on target localization, where sensors measure the signal strength emitted from the target. Each measurement is quantized to one bit and sent to the fusion center. A general attack is considered at some…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2018-04-04 Jiangfan Zhang , Xiaodong Wang , Rick S. Blum , Lance M. Kaplan

This paper presents a detection algorithm for sensor attacks and a resilient state estimation scheme for a class of uniformly observable nonlinear systems. An adversary is supposed to corrupt a subset of sensors with the possibly unbounded…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2021-01-11 Junsoo Kim , Chanhwa Lee , Hyungbo Shim , Yongsoon Eun , Jin Heon Seo

LLMs now exhibit human-like skills in various fields, leading to worries about misuse. Thus, detecting generated text is crucial. However, passive detection methods are stuck in domain specificity and limited adversarial robustness. To…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-17 Xi Yang , Kejiang Chen , Weiming Zhang , Chang Liu , Yuang Qi , Jie Zhang , Han Fang , Nenghai Yu

Recent years have witnessed the prosperous development of Graph Self-supervised Learning (GSSL), which enables to pre-train transferable foundation graph encoders. However, the easy-to-plug-in nature of such encoders makes them vulnerable…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-12-10 Xiangyu Zhao , Hanzhou Wu , Xinpeng Zhang

Backdoor-based watermarking schemes were proposed to protect the intellectual property of artificial intelligence models, especially deep neural networks, under the black-box setting. Compared with ordinary backdoors, backdoor-based…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-08-31 Fangqi Li , Shilin Wang , Yun Zhu

The secure transmission of speech information is a significant issue faced by many security professionals and individuals. By applying voice-encryption technique any kind of encrypted sensitive speech data such as password can be…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2013-04-26 Rupa Patel , Urmila Shrawankar

The network flow watermarking technique associates the two communicating parties by actively modifying certain characteristics of the stream generated by the sender so that it covertly carries some special marking information. Some curious…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2024-02-08 Yali Yuan , Jian Ge , Guang Cheng

The rapid development of Large Language Models (LLMs) has intensified concerns about content traceability and potential misuse. Existing watermarking schemes for sampled text often face trade-offs between maintaining text quality and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-17 Shizhan Cai , Liang Ding , Dacheng Tao

While watermarking serves as a critical mechanism for LLM provenance, existing secret-key schemes tightly couple detection with injection, requiring access to keys or provider-side scheme-specific detectors for verification. This dependency…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Zhuoshang Wang , Yubing Ren , Yanan Cao , Fang Fang , Xiaoxue Li , Li Guo
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