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In this note we classify sequences according to whether they are morphic, pure morphic, uniform morphic, pure uniform morphic, primitive morphic, or pure primitive morphic, and for each possibility we either give an example or prove that no…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2017-11-30 Jean-Paul Allouche , Julien Cassaigne , Jeffrey Shallit , Luca Q. Zamboni

We characterize pairs of orthogonal countable ordinals. Two ordinals $\alpha$ and $\beta$ are orthogonal if there are two linear orders $A$ and $B$ on the same set $V$ with order types $\alpha$ and $\beta$ respectively such that the only…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2014-07-04 Claude Laflamme , Maurice Pouzet , Nobert Sauer , Imed Zaguia

According to seminal work of Kontsevich, the unstable homology of the mapping class group of a surface can be computed via the homology of a certain lie algebra. In a recent paper, S. Morita analyzed the abelianization of this lie algebra,…

Quantum Algebra · Mathematics 2010-08-25 James Conant

Constellations are partial algebras that are one-sided generalisations of categories. It has previously been shown that the category of inductive constellations is isomorphic to the category of left restriction semigroups. Here we consider…

Category Theory · Mathematics 2015-10-21 Victoria Gould , Tim Stokes

In this paper we give an example of uniform convergence of the sequence of column vectors $\displaystyle{A_1\dots A_nV\over\left\Vert A_1\dots A_nV\right\Vert}$, $A_i\in\{A,B,C\}$, $A,B,C$ being some $(0,1)$-matrices of order $7$ with much…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2014-12-31 Éric Olivier , Alain Thomas

Quantification is the machine learning task of estimating test-data class proportions that are not necessarily similar to those in training. Apart from its intrinsic value as an aggregate statistic, quantification output can also be used to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-06-06 Aykut Firat

Certain notions of convergence of sequences functions such as pointwise convergence and (uniform) convergence on compact or bounded sets come from suitable topological function spaces; see [1]. Under certain conditions these topologies…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2025-12-22 Luis David Rivera

Recent research has generated hope that inference scaling, such as resampling solutions until they pass verifiers like unit tests, could allow weaker models to match stronger ones. Beyond inference, this approach also enables training…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-27 Benedikt Stroebl , Sayash Kapoor , Arvind Narayanan

We develop a comprehensive theory of the stable representation categories of several sequences of groups, including the classical and symmetric groups, and their relation to the unstable categories. An important component of this theory is…

Representation Theory · Mathematics 2015-06-17 Steven V Sam , Andrew Snowden

For an $\aleph_1$-categorical atomic class, we clarify the space of types over the unique model of size $\aleph_1$. Using these results, we prove that if such a class has a model of size $\beth_1^+$ then it is $\omega$-stable.

Logic · Mathematics 2024-08-14 John T. Baldwin , M. C. Laskowski , Saharon Shelah

These are classified by the direction of approximation (from above or below), the set family types (partition or covering) of simple functions, the coefficient signature (non-negative or signed), and cardinal number of terms of simple…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2021-08-23 Ryoji Fukuda

In mathematical logic there are two seemingly distinct kinds of principles called "reflection principles." Semantic reflection principles assert that if a formula holds in the whole universe, then it holds in a set-sized model. Syntactic…

Logic · Mathematics 2022-06-16 Fedor Pakhomov , James Walsh

We show that arithmetical transfinite recursion is equivalent to a suitable formalization of the following: For every ordinal $\alpha$ there exists an ordinal $\beta$ such that $1+\beta\cdot(\beta+\alpha)$ (ordinal arithmetic) admits an…

Logic · Mathematics 2020-08-12 Anton Freund

A classical enumerative result states that, given a graph $G$ and a vertex $u$, the number of connected subgraphs of $G$ is equal to the number of orientations of $G$ such that every vertex can reach $u$ by a directed path. We show that…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-05-18 Oliver Bernardi , Jonathan J. Fang

We prove that there exist rational but not uniformly rational smooth algebraic varieties. The proof is based on computing a certain numerical obstruction developed in the case of compactifications of affine spaces. We show that for some…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2019-11-07 Ilya Karzhemanov

We use type-theoretic techniques to present an algebraic theory of $\infty$-categories with strict units. Starting with a known type-theoretic presentation of fully weak $\infty$-categories, in which terms denote valid operations, we extend…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2022-05-27 Eric Finster , David Reutter , Alex Rice , Jamie Vicary

Variance reduction is a family of powerful mechanisms for stochastic optimization that appears to be helpful in many machine learning tasks. It is based on estimating the exact gradient with some recursive sequences. Previously, many papers…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-11-07 Aleksandr Shestakov , Valery Parfenov , Aleksandr Beznosikov

We investigate the possibility to model a metasurface, defined as a zero-thickness sheet of surface polarization currents, by a thin slab, characterized by a subwavelength thickness and usual voluminal medium parameters. First, we elaborate…

Applied Physics · Physics 2020-05-05 Mojtaba Dehmollaian , Yousef Vahabzadeh , Karim Achouri , Christophe Caloz

We establish a framework for the study of the effective theory of weak convergence of measures. We define two effective notions of weak convergence of measures on $\mathbb{R}$: one uniform and one non-uniform. We show that these notions are…

Logic · Mathematics 2021-06-03 Timothy H. McNicholl , Diego A. Rojas

A test of the concavity of a distribution function with support contained in the unit interval may be based on a statistic constructed from the $L^p$-norm of the difference between an empirical distribution function and its least concave…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2022-01-25 Brendan K. Beare