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The basic physics of nucleation in solid \hl{single-crystal} nanoparticles is revealed by a phase-field theory that includes surface energy, chemical reactions and coherency strain. In contrast to binary fluids, which form arbitrary contact…

Materials Science · Physics 2014-09-17 Daniel A. Cogswell , Martin Z. Bazant

Crystallization of supersaturated liquids usually starts by heterogeneous nucleation. Mounting evidence shows that even homogeneous nucleation in simple liquids takes place in two steps; first a dense amorphous precursor forms, and the…

Materials Science · Physics 2014-07-15 László Gránásy , Frigyes Podmaniczky , Gyula I. Tóth , György Tegze , Tamás Pusztai

Collisions of ice particles play an important role in the formation of planetesimals and comets. In recent work we showed, that CO$_2$ ice behaves like silicates in collisions. The resulting assumption was that it should therefore stick…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2016-08-24 Grzegorz Musiolik , Jens Teiser , Tim Jankowski , Gerhard Wurm

Despite the simplicity of the water molecule, the kinetics of ice nucleation under natural conditions can be complex. We investigated spontaneously grown ice nuclei using all-atom molecular dynamics simulations and found significant…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2025-04-28 Maodong Li , Yupeng Huang , Yijie Xia , Dechin Chen , Cheng Fan , Lijiang Yang , Yi Qin Gao , Yi Isaac Yang

Surface freezing is a phenomenon in which crystallization is enhanced at a vapor-liquid interface. In some systems, such as $n$-alkanes, this enhancement is dramatic, and results in the formation of a crystalline layer at the free interface…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2017-09-13 Amir Haji Akbari , Pablo G. Debenedetti

We present a partial free energy profile for the homogeneous nucleation of ice using an all-atom model of water at low supercooling, at which ice growth dynamics are reasonably accessible to simulation. We demonstrate that the free energy…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2013-09-06 Aleks Reinhardt , Jonathan P. K. Doye

On the surface of icy dust grains in the dense regions of the interstellar medium a rich chemistry can take place. Due to the low temperature, reactions that proceed via a barrier can only take place through tunneling. The reaction H +…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2017-08-31 Thanja Lamberts , Johannes Kästner

To comprehend the complexities of the ice-water interface, we perform a study that attempts to correlate the altered dynamics of water to its perturbed structure at, and due to, the interface. The deviation from bulk values of structural…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2019-08-02 Saumyak Mukherjee , Sayantan Mondal , Biman Bagchi

\textit{Ab initio} random structure searching based on density functional theory is used to determine the ground-state structures of ice at high pressures. Including estimates of lattice zero-point energies, ice is found to adopt three…

Other Condensed Matter · Physics 2013-05-29 Jeffrey M. McMahon

A disordered quasi-liquid layer of water is thought to cover the ice surface, but many issues, such as its onset temperature, its thickness, or its actual relation to bulk liquid water have been a matter of unsettled controversy for more…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2026-01-22 Luis G. MacDowell

Machine learning models are rapidly becoming widely used to simulate complex physicochemical phenomena with ab initio accuracy. Here, we use one such model as well as direct density functional theory (DFT) calculations to investigate the…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2021-06-18 Pablo M. Piaggi , Athanassios Z. Panagiotopoulos , Pablo G. Debenedetti , Roberto Car

Experiments on the hydrogenation of CO on crystalline and amorphous ice at 15 K were carried out to investigate the structural effects of the ice surface. The effective rate of H atom addition to CO on the amorphous ice was found to be…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-05-23 H. Hidaka , N. Miyauchi , A. Kouchi , N. Watanabe

Thermodynamic properties of liquid water as well as hexagonal (Ih) and cubic (Ic) ice are predicted based on density functional theory at the hybrid-functional level, rigorously taking into account quantum nuclear motion, anharmonic…

Materials Science · Physics 2025-10-06 Bingqing Cheng , Edgar A. Engel , Jörg Behler , Christoph Dellago , Michele Ceriotti

UV irradiation of simple ices is proposed to efficiently produce complex organic species during star- and planet-formation. Through a series of laboratory experiments, we investigate the effects of the H2O concentration, the dominant ice…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-05-19 Karin I. Oberg , Ewine F. van Dishoeck , Harold Linnartz , Stefan Andersson

Cloud droplets containing ice-nucleating particles (INPs) may freeze at temperatures above the homogeneous freezing threshold temperature. This process, referred to as immersion freezing, is one of the modulators of aerosol-cloud…

Based on neutron wide-angle diffraction and small-angle neutron scattering experiments, we show that there is a correlation between the preparational conditions of amorphous ice structures, their microscopic structural properties, the…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2007-05-23 Michael Marek Koza , Thomas Hansen , Roland P. May , Helmut Schober

The process of homogeneous crystal nucleation has been considered in a model liquid, where the interparticle interaction is described by a short-range spherical oscillatory potential. Mechanisms of initiating structural ordering in the…

Materials Science · Physics 2018-12-18 Bulat N. Galimzyanov , Dinar T. Yarullin , Anatolii V. Mokshin

Recent first-principle calculations unveiled a distinctive dynamic behavior in water molecule rotation during the melting process of highly confined water, indicating a notable time-scale separation in diffusion. In this short paper, we…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2024-03-27 Yuheng Zhao , Yi Qin Gao

In principle, the answer to the posed titular question is undoubtedly 'yes.' But in practice, requisite reference data for homogeneous systems have been obtained with a treatment of intermolecular interactions that is different from that…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2022-05-02 Dominic Atherton , Angelos Michaelides , Stephen J. Cox

Context. In the cooling process of a non-accreting neutron star, the composition and properties of the crust are thought to be fixed at the finite temperature where nuclear reactions fall out of equilibrium. A lower estimation for this…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2020-03-11 T. Carreau , F. Gulminelli , N. Chamel , A. F. Fantina , J. M. Pearson