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These lectures give an introduction to the novel duality relating type IIB string theory in a maximally supersymmetric plane-wave background to N=4, d=4, U(N) Super Yang-Mills theory in a particular large N and large R-charge limit due to…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2009-11-10 Jan Plefka

We test gauge/string duality by evaluating expectation values of small Wilson loops in pure Yang-Mills theories. On the gauge-theory side, there exists rich phenomenology. The dual formulation provides with a universal language to evaluate…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2008-11-26 Oleg Andreev , Valentin I. Zakharov

We exhibit the gauge-group independence (``universality'') of all normalized non-intersecting Wilson loop expectation values in the large N limit of two-dimensional Yang-Mills theory. This universality is most easily understood via the…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2016-09-06 M. Crescimanno , S. Naculich , H. J. Schnitzer

This review covers a number of applications of conformal field theory methods for perturbative calculations in N=4 Super Yang-Mills and ABJM theory. After motivating the role of superconformal symmetry for elementary particle physics…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2012-12-21 Konstantin Wiegandt

We study the large charge sector of the defect CFT defined by the half-BPS Wilson loop in planar $\mathcal{N}=4$ supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory. Specifically, we consider correlation functions of two large charge insertions and several…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2022-04-07 Simone Giombi , Shota Komatsu , Bendeguz Offertaler

We study the algebra of BPS Wilson loops in 3d gauge theories with N=2 supersymmetry and Chern-Simons terms. We argue that new relations appear on the quantum level, and that in many cases this makes the algebra finite-dimensional. We use…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2013-02-12 Anton Kapustin , Brian Willett

In these lectures we describe the attempt to extract the expectation values of Wilson loops from the string/gauge correspondence. We start with the original calculation in $AdS_5$. It is then extended to the non-conformal background of…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2007-05-23 Jacob Sonnenschein

We study correlation functions in topologically twisted $\mathcal{N}=2, d=4$ supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory for gauge groups of rank larger than one on compact four-manifolds $X$. We find that the topological invariance of the generator…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2017-09-07 Marcos Marino , Gregory Moore

We compute analytically the two-loop contribution to the correlation function of the Lagrangian with a four-sided light-like (or null) Wilson loop in N=4 super Yang-Mills. As a non-trivial test of our result, we reproduce the three-loop…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2013-10-17 Luis F. Alday , Johannes M. Henn , Jakub Sikorowski

We compute the one-loop string corrections to the Wilson loop, glueball Regge trajectory and stringy hadron masses in the Witten model of non supersymmetric, large-N Yang-Mills theory. The classical string configurations corresponding to…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2009-11-10 F. Bigazzi , A. L. Cotrone , L. Martucci , L. A. Pando Zayas

We work out the map between null polygonal hexagonal Wilson loops and spinning three point functions in large $N$ conformal gauge theories by mapping the variables describing the two different physical quantities and by working out the…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2022-08-10 Carlos Bercini , Vasco Gonçalves , Alexandre Homrich , Pedro Vieira

We study the circular Wilson loop in the symmetric representation of U(N) in $\mathcal{N} = 4$ super-Yang-Mills (SYM). In the large N limit, we computed the exponentially-suppressed corrections for strong coupling, which suggests…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2017-01-11 Xinyi Chen-Lin

We shall interpret the null hexagonal Wilson loop (or, equivalently, six gluon scattering amplitude) in 4D ${\cal N}=4$ Super Yang-Mills, or, precisely, an integral representation of its matrix part, via an ADHM-like instanton construction.…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2021-11-03 Davide Fioravanti , Hasmik Poghosyan , Rubik Poghossian

It is well-known that the expectation values of null polygonal Wilson loops computed in planar \(\mathcal{N}=4\) super Yang-Mills theory are dual to MHV amplitudes in that theory, and moreover that the duality can be extended to higher…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2025-12-16 James Drummond , Ömer Gürdoğan , Matthew Rochford , Rowan Wright

The correlator of a Wilson loop with a local operator in N=4 SYM theory can be represented by a string amplitude in AdS(5)xS(5). This amplitude describes an overlap of the boundary state, which is associated with the loop, with the string…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2009-11-07 V. Pestun , K. Zarembo

We discuss gluon scattering amplitudes/null-polygonal Wilson loops of N = 4 super Yang-Mills theory at strong coupling based on the gauge/string duality and its underlying integrability. We focus on the amplitudes/Wilson loops corresponding…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2015-06-12 Yuji Satoh

We show that closed string solutions in the bulk of AdS space are related by T-duality to solutions representing an open string ending at the boundary of AdS. By combining the limit in which a closed string becomes small with a large boost,…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2015-06-12 M. Kruczenski , A. A. Tseytlin

We derive an expression for the vacuum expectation value (vev) of the 1/2 BPS circular Wilson loop of ${\cal N}=4$ super Yang Mills in terms of color invariants, valid for any representation R of any gauge group G. This expression allows us…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2019-06-26 Bartomeu Fiol , Jairo Martínez-Montoya , Alan Rios Fukelman

We discuss within the weak-field approximation and the derivative expansion how the area law of the Wilson loop follows directly from the vacuum condensate of mass dimension 2, i.e., simultaneous Bose-Einstein condensation of gluon pair and…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2007-05-23 K. -I. Kondo , T. Imai

The AdS/CFT correspondence suggests that the Wilson loop of the large N gauge theory with N=4 supersymmetry in 4 dimensions is described by a minimal surface in AdS_5 x S^5. We examine various aspects of this proposal, comparing gauge…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2009-09-17 Nadav Drukker , David J. Gross , Hirosi Ooguri