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We define a class of zero-sum games with combinatorial structure, where the best response problem of one player is to maximize a submodular function. For example, this class includes security games played on networks, as well as the problem…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2017-12-04 Bryan Wilder

In this paper, we investigate how randomness and uncertainty influence learning in games. Specifically, we examine a perturbed variant of the dynamics of "follow-the-regularized-leader" (FTRL), where the players' payoff observations and…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Pierre-Louis Cauvin , Davide Legacci , Panayotis Mertikopoulos

Two-player games such as board games have long been used as traditional benchmarks for reinforcement learning. This work revisits a policy optimization method with reverse Kullback-Leibler regularization and entropy regularization and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-22 Kazuki Ota , Takayuki Osa , Motoki Omura , Tatsuya Harada

How humans make decisions in non-cooperative strategic interactions is a challenging question. For the fundamental model system of Rock-Paper-Scissors (RPS) game, classic game theory of infinite rationality predicts the Nash equilibrium…

Physics and Society · Physics 2014-07-29 Zhijian Wang , Bin Xu , Hai-Jun Zhou

A crucial aspect in reliable machine learning is to design a deployable system in generalizing new related but unobserved environments. Domain generalization aims to alleviate such a prediction gap between the observed and unseen…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-01 Changjian Shui , Boyu Wang , Christian Gagné

We present a novel control-theoretic understanding of online optimization and learning in games, via the notion of passivity. Passivity is a fundamental concept in control theory, which abstracts energy conservation and dissipation in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-16 Yun Kuen Cheung , Georgios Piliouras

The outcome of Jacobian singular values regularization was studied for supervised learning problems. It also was shown that Jacobian conditioning regularization can help to avoid the ``mode-collapse'' problem in Generative Adversarial…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-07-15 Arip Asadulaev , Igor Kuznetsov , Gideon Stein , Andrey Filchenkov

We study stochastic effects on the lagging anchor dynamics, a reinforcement learning algorithm used to learn successful strategies in iterated games, which is known to converge to Nash points in the absence of noise. The dynamics is…

Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems · Physics 2012-04-20 James B. T. Sanders , Tobias Galla , Jonathan Shapiro

Adversarial robustness is considered as a required property of deep neural networks. In this study, we discover that adversarially trained models might have significantly different characteristics in terms of margin and smoothness, even…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-08-26 Hoki Kim , Woojin Lee , Sungyoon Lee , Jaewook Lee

This paper considers convex games involving multiple agents that aim to minimize their own cost functions using locally available information. A common assumption in the study of such games is that the agents are symmetric, meaning that…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-09-25 Zifan Wang , Xinlei Yi , Yi Shen , Michael M. Zavlanos , Karl H. Johansson

Q-learning is widely used algorithm in reinforcement learning community. Under the lookup table setting, its convergence is well established. However, its behavior is known to be unstable with the linear function approximation case. This…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-11 Han-Dong Lim , Donghwan Lee

Modeling the purposeful behavior of imperfect agents from a small number of observations is a challenging task. When restricted to the single-agent decision-theoretic setting, inverse optimal control techniques assume that observed behavior…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2013-08-19 Kevin Waugh , Brian D. Ziebart , J. Andrew Bagnell

Combinatorial Game Theory is a branch of mathematics and theoretical computer science that studies sequential 2-player games with perfect information. Normal play is the convention where a player who cannot move loses. Here, we generalize…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2023-10-31 Prem Kant , Urban Larsson , Ravi K. Rai , Akshay V. Upasany

State-of-the-art classifiers have been shown to be largely vulnerable to adversarial perturbations. One of the most effective strategies to improve robustness is adversarial training. In this paper, we investigate the effect of adversarial…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-11-27 Seyed-Mohsen Moosavi-Dezfooli , Alhussein Fawzi , Jonathan Uesato , Pascal Frossard

Optimization of parameterized policies for reinforcement learning (RL) is an important and challenging problem in artificial intelligence. Among the most common approaches are algorithms based on gradient ascent of a score function…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-15 Sriram Srinivasan , Marc Lanctot , Vinicius Zambaldi , Julien Perolat , Karl Tuyls , Remi Munos , Michael Bowling

The standard approach for dealing with the ill-posedness of the training problem in machine learning and/or the reconstruction of a signal from a limited number of measurements is regularization. The method is applicable whenever the…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2020-07-13 Michael Unser

Inverse problems are inherently ill-posed, suffering from non-uniqueness and instability. Classical regularization methods provide mathematically well-founded solutions, ensuring stability and convergence, but often at the cost of reduced…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-01-21 Markus Haltmeier , Gyeongha Hwang

Game theory's prescriptive power typically relies on full rationality and/or self-play interactions. In contrast, this work sets aside these fundamental premises and focuses instead on heterogeneous autonomous interactions between two or…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2012-03-19 Enrique Munoz de Cote , Archie C. Chapman , Adam M. Sykulski , Nicholas R. Jennings

Learning from repeated play in a fixed two-player zero-sum game is a classic problem in game theory and online learning. We consider a variant of this problem where the game payoff matrix changes over time, possibly in an adversarial…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-01 Mengxiao Zhang , Peng Zhao , Haipeng Luo , Zhi-Hua Zhou

Randomization is a powerful tool that endows algorithms with remarkable properties. For instance, randomized algorithms excel in adversarial settings, often surpassing the worst-case performance of deterministic algorithms with large…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-21 Johannes von Oswald , Seijin Kobayashi , Yassir Akram , Angelika Steger