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Temporal collaborative filtering (TCF) methods aim at modelling non-static aspects behind recommender systems, such as the dynamics in users' preferences and social trends around items. State-of-the-art TCF methods employ recurrent neural…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-10-14 Esther Rodrigo Bonet , Duc Minh Nguyen , Nikos Deligiannis

Sampling from high-dimensional, multi-modal distributions remains a fundamental challenge across domains such as statistical Bayesian inference and physics-based machine learning. In this paper, we propose Annealing Flow (AF), a method…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-05-28 Dongze Wu , Yao Xie

Normalizing flows are a powerful class of generative models demonstrating strong performance in several speech and vision problems. In contrast to other generative models, normalizing flows are latent variable models with tractable…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-08-06 Dmitry Baranchuk , Vladimir Aliev , Artem Babenko

We present a supervised learning framework of training generative models for density estimation. Generative models, including generative adversarial networks, normalizing flows, variational auto-encoders, are usually considered as…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-24 Yanfang Liu , Minglei Yang , Zezhong Zhang , Feng Bao , Yanzhao Cao , Guannan Zhang

Flow-based models have proven successful for time-series generation, particularly when defined in lower-dimensional latent spaces that enable efficient sampling. However, how to design latent representations with desirable equivariance…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-02 Camilo Carvajal Reyes , Felipe Tobar

Continuously-indexed flows (CIFs) have recently achieved improvements over baseline normalizing flows on a variety of density estimation tasks. CIFs do not possess a closed-form marginal density, and so, unlike standard flows, cannot be…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-06-16 Anthony Caterini , Rob Cornish , Dino Sejdinovic , Arnaud Doucet

Diffusion models have recently attained significant interest within the community owing to their strong performance as generative models. Furthermore, its application to inverse problems have demonstrated state-of-the-art performance.…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-03-22 Hyungjin Chung , Byeongsu Sim , Jong Chul Ye

Flow-based generative models achieve state-of-the-art sample quality, but require the expensive solution of a differential equation at inference time. Flow map models, commonly known as consistency models, encompass many recent efforts to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Nicholas M. Boffi , Michael S. Albergo , Eric Vanden-Eijnden

Anomaly detection in multivariate time series (MTS) has been widely studied in one-class classification (OCC) setting. The training samples in OCC are assumed to be normal, which is difficult to guarantee in practical situations. Such a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-08 Qihang Zhou , Shibo He , Haoyu Liu , Jiming Chen , Wenchao Meng

Urban wind flow modeling and simulation play an important role in air quality assessment and sustainable city planning. A key challenge for modeling and simulation is handling the complex geometries of the urban landscape. Low order models…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-18 Francisco Giral , Álvaro Manzano , Ignacio Gómez , Petros Koumoutsakos , Soledad Le Clainche

Normalizing Flows are generative models which produce tractable distributions where both sampling and density evaluation can be efficient and exact. The goal of this survey article is to give a coherent and comprehensive review of the…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-06-09 Ivan Kobyzev , Simon J. D. Prince , Marcus A. Brubaker

We present a generative modeling framework for synthesizing physically feasible two-dimensional incompressible flows under arbitrary obstacle geometries and boundary conditions. Whereas existing diffusion-based flow generators either ignore…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2026-02-23 Noah Trupin , Rahul Ghosh , Aadi Jangid

Density regression models allow a comprehensive understanding of data by modeling the complete conditional probability distribution. While flexible estimation approaches such as normalizing flows (NF) work particularly well in multiple…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-06-13 Marcel Arpogaus , Thomas Kneib , Thomas Nagler , David Rügamer

We propose an inference-time scaling approach for pretrained flow models. Recently, inference-time scaling has gained significant attention in LLMs and diffusion models, improving sample quality or better aligning outputs with user…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-27 Jaihoon Kim , Taehoon Yoon , Jisung Hwang , Minhyuk Sung

Learning unsupervised representations that are both semantically meaningful and stable across runs remains a central challenge in modern representation learning. We introduce entropy-ordered flows (EOFlows), a normalizing-flow framework…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-09 Daniel Galperin , Ullrich Köthe

Continuous-time Consistency Models (CMs) promise efficient few-step generation but face significant challenges with training instability. We argue this instability stems from a fundamental conflict: Training the network exclusively on a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Yansong Peng , Kai Zhu , Yu Liu , Pingyu Wu , Hebei Li , Xiaoyan Sun , Feng Wu

Generative models such as denoising diffusion models are quickly advancing their ability to approximate highly complex data distributions. They are also increasingly leveraged in scientific machine learning, where samples from the implied…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-14 Jan-Hendrik Bastek , WaiChing Sun , Dennis M. Kochmann

Normalizing flows (NFs) have become a prominent method for deep generative models that allow for an analytic probability density estimation and efficient synthesis. However, a flow-based network is considered to be inefficient in parameter…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-26 Sang-gil Lee , Sungwon Kim , Sungroh Yoon

Estimating causal effects from observational data has become increasingly critical in diverse fields including healthcare, economics, and social policy. The fundamental challenge in causal inference arises from the missing counterfactuals…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Yifei Xie , Jian Huang

Normalizing flows are generative models that provide tractable density estimation via an invertible transformation from a simple base distribution to a complex target distribution. However, this technique cannot directly model data…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-11-15 Brendan Leigh Ross , Jesse C. Cresswell
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