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Related papers: Behavior Trees in Robotics and AI: An Introduction

200 papers

We propose a hybrid combination of active inference and behavior trees (BTs) for reactive action planning and execution in dynamic environments, showing how robotic tasks can be formulated as a free-energy minimization problem. The proposed…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-11-28 Corrado Pezzato , Carlos Hernandez Corbato , Stefan Bonhof , Martijn Wisse

Modern industrial applications require robots to be able to operate in unpredictable environments, and programs to be created with a minimal effort, as there may be frequent changes to the task. In this paper, we show that genetic…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-11-09 Matteo Iovino , Jonathan Styrud , Pietro Falco , Christian Smith

Fast changing tasks in unpredictable, collaborative environments are typical for medium-small companies, where robotised applications are increasing. Thus, robot programs should be generated in short time with small effort, and the robot…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-03-18 Oscar Gustavsson , Matteo Iovino , Jonathan Styrud , Christian Smith

In this paper we provide a practical demonstration of how the modularity in a Behavior Tree (BT) decreases the effort in programming a robot task when compared to a Finite State Machine (FSM). In recent years the way to represent a task…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-09-16 Matteo Iovino , Julian Förster , Pietro Falco , Jen Jen Chung , Roland Siegwart , Christian Smith

Behavior Trees (BTs) offer a powerful paradigm for designing modular and reactive robot controllers. BT planning, an emerging field, provides theoretical guarantees for the automated generation of reliable BTs. However, BT planning…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-18 Yishuai Cai , Xinglin Chen , Yunxin Mao , Kun Hu , Minglong Li , Yaodong Yang , Yuanpei Chen

In recent years, the model of computation known as Behavior Trees (BT), first developed in the video game industry, has become more popular in the robotics community for defining discrete behavior switching. BTs are threatening to supplant…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-03-11 Joshua M. Zutell , David C. Conner , Philipp Schillinger

Many manipulation tasks pose a challenge since they depend on non-visual environmental information that can only be determined after sustained physical interaction has already begun. This is particularly relevant for effort-sensitive,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Jacques Cloete , Wolfgang Merkt , Ioannis Havoutis

Behavior Trees (BTs) are becoming a popular tool to model the behaviors of autonomous agents in the computer game and the robotics industry. One of the key advantages of BTs lies in their composability, where complex behaviors can be built…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-07-16 Michele Colledanchise , Lorenzo Natale

Executing temporal plans in the real and open world requires adapting to uncertainty both in the environment and in the plan actions. A plan executor must therefore be flexible to dispatch actions based on the actual execution conditions.…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-06-26 Josh Zapf , Marco Roveri , Francisco Martin , Juan Carlos Manzanares

In this paper we will give a control theoretic perspective on the research area of behavior trees in robotics. The key idea underlying behavior trees is to make use of modularity, hierarchies and feedback, in order to handle the complexity…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-03-25 Petter Ögren , Christopher I. Sprague

The possibility to create reactive robot programs faster without the need for extensively trained programmers is becoming increasingly important. So far, it has not been explored how various techniques for creating Behavior Tree (BT)…

This paper addresses the concurrency issues affecting Behavior Trees (BTs), a popular tool to model the behaviors of autonomous agents in the video game and the robotics industry. BT designers can easily build complex behaviors composing…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-03-22 Michele Colledanchise , Lorenzo Natale

We introduce a novel framework for automatic behavior tree (BT) construction in heterogeneous multi-robot systems, designed to address the challenges of adaptability and robustness in dynamic environments. Traditional robots are limited by…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Chaoran Wang , Jingyuan Sun , Yanhui Zhang , Mingyu Zhang , Changju Wu

Domestic and service robots have the potential to transform industries such as health care and small-scale manufacturing, as well as the homes in which we live. However, due to the overwhelming variety of tasks these robots will be expected…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-06-04 Gavin Suddrey , Ben Talbot , Frederic Maire

In this study, we propose task planning framework for multiple robots that builds on a behavior tree (BT). BTs communicate with a data distribution service (DDS) to send and receive data. Since the standard BT derived from one root node…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-05-31 Seungwoo Jeong , Taekwon Ga , Inhwan Jeong , Jongeun Choi

Multi-robot teams offer possibilities of improved performance and fault tolerance, compared to single robot solutions. In this paper, we show how to realize those possibilities when starting from a single robot system controlled by a…

Robotics · Computer Science 2015-02-11 Michele Colledanchise , Alejandro Marzinotto , Dimos V. Dimarogonas , Petter Ögren

Behavior trees (BTs) emerged from video game development as a graphical language for modeling intelligent agent behavior. However as initially implemented, behavior trees are static plans. This paper adds to recent literature exploring the…

Robotics · Computer Science 2016-07-01 Blake Hannaford , Danying Hu , Dianmu Zhang , Yangming Li

This paper proposes an Interactive Inference Behavior Tree (IIBT) framework that integrates behavior trees (BTs) with active inference under the free energy principle for distributed multi-robot decision-making. The proposed IIBT node…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-12-05 Chaoran Wang , Jingyuan Sun , Yanhui Zhang , Changju Wu

Behavior Trees (BTs) are high-level controllers that are useful in a variety of planning tasks and are gaining traction in robotic mission planning. As they gain popularity in safety-critical domains, it is important to formalize their…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-11-22 Serena S. Serbinowska , Preston Robinette , Gabor Karsai , Taylor T. Johnson

Robots executing tasks following human instructions in domestic or industrial environments essentially require both adaptability and reliability. Behavior Tree (BT) emerges as an appropriate control architecture for these scenarios due to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-06-28 Xinglin Chen , Yishuai Cai , Yunxin Mao , Minglong Li , Wenjing Yang , Weixia Xu , Ji Wang