English
Related papers

Related papers: Averaged Energy Conditions and Bouncing Universes

200 papers

We construct a simple non singular cosmological model in which the currently observed expansion phase was preceded by a contraction. This is achieved, in the framework of pure general relativity, by means of a radiation fluid and a free…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2009-11-07 Patrick Peter , Nelson Pinto-Neto

Exact results stemming directly from Einstein equations imply that inhomogeneous Universes endowed with vanishing pressure density can only decelerate, unless the energy density of the Universe becomes negative. Recent proposals seem to…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2009-11-11 Massimo Giovannini

Quantum systems often contain negative energy densities. In general relativity, negative energies lead to time advancement, rather than the usual time delay. As a result, some Casimir systems appear to violate energy conditions that would…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2009-11-11 N. Graham

In this work we review the issue of imposing the conservation of the energy-momentum tensor as a necessary condition to recover the equivalence between the unimodular gravity and General Relativity (GR) equipped with a cosmological…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-06-29 Júlio C. Fabris , Marcelo H. Alvarenga , Mahamadou Hamani-Daouda , Hermano Velten

We address the problem of the energy conditions in modified gravity taking into account the additional degrees of freedom related to scalar fields and curvature invariants. The latter are usually interpreted as generalized {\it geometrical…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-05-05 José P. Mimoso , Francisco S. N. Lobo , Salvatore Capozziello

It has recently been proposed that the Universe might be accelerating as a consequence of extra dimensions with time varying size. We show that although these scenarios can lead to acceleration, they run into serious difficulty when taking…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2009-11-07 James M. Cline , Jérémie Vinet

A sweep through a quantum phase transition by means of a time-dependent external parameter (e.g., pressure) entails non-equilibrium phenomena associated with a break-down of adiabaticity: At the critical point, the energy gap vanishes and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-05-18 Ralf Schützhold

In order to have singularity-free solutions at the beginning of the Universe, we need to violate the null energy condition. In the general class of Horndeski gravity, there are healthy NEC-violating solutions, which however are plagued with…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-11-21 Bobomurat Ahmedov , Konstantinos F. Dialektopoulos , Jackson Levi Said , Abdurakhmon Nosirov , Zinovia Oikonomopoulou , Odil Yunusov

The averaged null energy conditions (ANEC) states that, along a complete null curve, the negative energy fluctuations of a quantum field must be balanced by positive energy fluctuations. We use the AdS/CFT correspondence to prove the ANEC…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-02-24 William R. Kelly , Aron C. Wall

In the context of Einstein gravity, if the null energy condition (NEC) is satisfied, the energy density in expanding space-times always decreases while in contracting space-times the energy density grows and the universe eventually…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2016-07-04 Anna Ijjas , Justin Ripley , Paul J. Steinhardt

We consider Bianchi VI spacetime, which also can be reduced to Bianchi types VI0-V-III-I. We initially consider the most general form of the energy-momentum tensor which yields anisotropic stress and heat flow. We then derive an…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2011-08-26 Ozgur Akarsu , Can B. Kilinc

In the matter bounce scenario, a dust-dominated contracting space-time generates scale-invariant perturbations that, assuming a nonsingular bouncing cosmology, propagate to the expanding branch and set appropriate initial conditions for the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-06-12 Edward Wilson-Ewing

Bounce-averaged theories provide a framework for simulating relatively slow processes, such as collisional transport and quasilinear diffusion, by averaging these processes over the fast periodic motions of a particle on a closed orbit.…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2025-07-02 I. E. Ochs

Energy has an ambiguous status in general relativity. For systems embedded in asymptotically flat space-times it is possible to construct an integral invariant that corresponds to total energy, however there is no local differential…

General Physics · Physics 2019-09-26 T. Erber

The four principal energy conditions (ECs) in general relativity prohibit negative energies, repulsive gravity and superluminal energy flows. One must invoke exotic matter to violate any one of these, yet $\Lambda$CDM does so quite…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2026-05-29 Namit Chandak , Fulvio Melia , Junjie Wei

We consider a simple toy model of a regular bouncing universe. The bounce is caused by an extra time-like dimension, which leads to a sign flip of the $\rho^2$ term in the effective four dimensional Randall Sundrum-like description. We find…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2007-05-23 T. J. Battefeld , G. Geshnizjani

We investigate the minimal conditions under which the creation of our universe might arise due to a "bounce" from a previous collapse, rather than an explosion from a big-bang singularity. Such a bounce is sometimes referred to as a Tolman…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-10-31 Carmen Molina-Paris , Matt Visser

The periodic bounce configurations responsible for quantum tunneling are obtained explicitly and are extended to the finite energy case for minisuperspace models of the Universe. As a common feature of the tunneling models at finite energy…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2016-08-15 J. -Q. Liang , H. J. W. Müller-Kirsten , Y. -B. Zhang , A. V. Shurgaia , S. -P. Kou , D. K. Park

In this study we demonstrate the interacting teleparallel gravity models, to describe the matter bounce scenario. We discussed two interacting models and find both are suitable choice to describe the bouncing phenomena. The co-moving Hubble…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-09-03 S. A. Kadam , A. S. Agrawal

Many cosmological scenarios envisage either a bounce of the universe at early times, or collapse of matter locally to form a black hole which re-expands into a new expanding universe region. Energy conditions preclude this happening for…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2010-05-28 Deon Solomons , Peter Dunsby , George Ellis