Related papers: Cubulated moves for 2-knots

In this paper, we prove than given two cubic knots $K_1$, $K_2$ in $\mathbb{R}^3$, they are isotopic if and only if one can pass from one to the other by a finite sequence of cubulated moves. These moves are analogous to the Reidemeister…

Two singular links are cobordant if one can be obtained from the other by singular link isotopy together with a combination of births or deaths of simple unknotted curves, and saddle point transformations. A movie description of a singular…

We consider ribbon n-knots for n\geq 2. For such knots we define a set of moves on ribbon disks, and show that any two ribbon disks for isotopic knots are related by a finite sequence of such moves and ambient isotopies. Using this we are…

We study petal diagrams of knots, which provide a method of describing knots in terms of permutations in a symmetric group $S_{2n+1}$. We define two classes of moves on such permutations, called trivial petal additions and crossing…

In this paper we introduce a representation of knots and links called a cube diagram. We show that a property of a cube diagram is a link invariant if and only if the property is invariant under two types of cube diagram operations. A knot…

We show that any two diagrams of the same knot or link are connected by a sequence of Reidemeister moves which are sorted by type.

It is shown that two braids represent transversally isotopic links if and only if one can pass from one braid to another by conjugations in braid groups, positive Markov moves, and their inverses.

The dual to a tetrahedron consists of a single vertex at which four edges and six faces are incident. Along each edge, three faces converge. A 2-foam is a compact topological space such that each point has a neighborhood homeomorphic to a…

We introduce ribbon-moves of 2-knots, which are operations to make 2-knots into new 2-knots by local operations in B^4. (We do not assume the new knots is not equivalent to the old ones.) Let L_1 and L_2 be 2-links. Then the following hold.…

We propose some natural generalizations of Reidemeister moves that do not increase the number of crossings in the generated diagrams. Experimentations make us conjecture that this class of monotonic moves is complete for computing canonical…

We define a local move for knots and links called the {\em one-two-way pass-move}, abbreviated briefly as the {\em $1$-$2$-move}. The $1$-$2$-move is motivated from the pass-move and the $\#$-move, and it is a hybrid of them. We show that…

Any knot diagram can be transformed into the unknot by a series of unknotting operations. This paper introduces the diagonal move, a novel unknotting operation that generalizes and unifies several existing moves. We prove that the diagonal…

In an earlier paper we introduced rectangular diagrams of surfaces and showed that any isotopy class of a surface in the three-sphere can be presented by a rectangular diagram. Here we study transformations of those diagrams and introduce…

An involutive link is a link which is invariant under the standard rotation by 180 degrees in $S^3$. We establish an equivariant analogue of the work of Carter and Saito aimed at studying equivariant cobordisms between involutive links.…

We consider knotted annuli in 4-space, called 2-string-links, which are knotted surfaces in codimension two that are naturally related, via closure operations, to both 2-links and 2-torus links. We classify 2-string-links up to…

To an oriented link in a solid torus we associate a trace graph in a thickened torus in such a way that links are isotopic if and only if their trace graphs can be related by moves of finitely many standard types. The key ingredient is a…

In this paper a classification of Reidemeister moves, which is the most refined, is introduced. In particular, this classification distinguishes some $\Omega_3$-moves that only differ in how the three strands that are involved in the move…

We study two sorts of actions on the space of conjugacy classes of irreducible $SU_2$-representations of a knot group. One of them is an involution which comes from the algebraic structure of $SU_2$ and the other is the action by the outer…

We describe a construction procedure of infinite sets of $2$-links in closed simply connected 4-manifolds that are topologically isotopic, smoothly inequivalent and componentwise topologically unknotted. These 2-links are the first examples…

Links in lens spaces may be defined to be equivalent by ambient isotopy or by diffeomorphism of pairs. In the first case, for all the combinatorial representations of links, there is a set of Reidemeister-type moves on diagrams connecting…