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Given a graph $G$ with $n$ vertices and maximum degree $\Delta$, it is known that $G$ admits a vertex coloring with $\Delta + 1$ colors such that no edge of $G$ is monochromatic. This can be seen constructively by a simple greedy algorithm,…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2021-02-16 Jackson Morris , Fang Song

We present a simple deterministic distributed algorithm that computes a $(\Delta+1)$-vertex coloring in $O(\log^2 \Delta \cdot \log n)$ rounds. The algorithm can be implemented with $O(\log n)$-bit messages. The algorithm can also be…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2021-09-07 Mohsen Ghaffari , Fabian Kuhn

Vizing showed that it suffices to color the edges of a simple graph using $\Delta + 1$ colors, where $\Delta$ is the maximum degree of the graph. However, up to this date, no efficient distributed edge-coloring algorithms are known for…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2019-04-11 Hsin-Hao Su , Hoa T. Vu

We develop an algorithmic framework for graph colouring that reduces the problem to verifying a local probabilistic property of the independent sets. With this we give, for any fixed $k\ge 3$ and $\varepsilon>0$, a randomised…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2020-04-16 Ewan Davies , Ross J. Kang , François Pirot , Jean-Sébastien Sereni

In this paper, we initiate the study of the vertex coloring problem of a graph in the semi streaming model. In this model, the input graph is defined by a stream of edges, arriving in adversarial order and any algorithm must process the…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2018-07-26 Suman Kalyan Bera , Prantar Ghosh

In this paper, we consider distributed coloring for planar graphs with a small number of colors. We present an optimal (up to a constant factor) $O(\log{n})$ time algorithm for 6-coloring planar graphs. Our algorithm is based on a novel…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2018-04-03 Shiri Chechik , Doron Mukhtar

We study the edge-coloring problem in simple $n$-vertex $m$-edge graphs with maximum degree $\Delta$. This is one of the most classical and fundamental graph-algorithmic problems. Vizing's celebrated theorem provides…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2024-07-10 Michael Elkin , Ariel Khuzman

We present a simple randomized algorithm that can efficiently maintain a $(\Delta+1)$ coloring as the graph undergoes edge insertion and deletion updates, where $\Delta$ denotes an upper bound on the maximum degree. A key advantage is the…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-12-11 Mohsen Ghaffari , Jaehyun Koo

Consider the following simple coloring algorithm for a graph on $n$ vertices. Each vertex chooses a color from $\{1, \dotsc, \Delta(G) + 1\}$ uniformly at random. While there exists a conflicted vertex choose one such vertex uniformly at…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2021-05-04 Daniel Bertschinger , Johannes Lengler , Anders Martinsson , Robert Meier , Angelika Steger , Miloš Trujić , Emo Welzl

Given a dynamic graph subject to edge insertions and deletions, we show how to update an implicit representation of a proper vertex colouring, such that colours of vertices are computable upon query time. We give a deterministic algorithm…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2022-11-15 Aleksander B. G. Christiansen , Krzysztof D. Nowicki , Eva Rotenberg

The distributed (Delta + 1)-coloring problem is one of most fundamental and well-studied problems of Distributed Algorithms. Starting with the work of Cole and Vishkin in 86, there was a long line of gradually improving algorithms…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2008-12-26 Leonid Barenboim , Michael Elkin

A recent palette sparsification theorem of Assadi, Chen, and Khanna [SODA'19] states that in every $n$-vertex graph $G$ with maximum degree $\Delta$, sampling $O(\log{n})$ colors per each vertex independently from $\Delta+1$ colors almost…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2020-07-03 Noga Alon , Sepehr Assadi

The network coloring game has been proposed in the literature of social sciences as a model for conflict-resolution circumstances. The players of the game are the vertices of a graph with $n$ vertices and maximum degree $\Delta$. The game…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2022-04-01 Nikolaos Fryganiotis , Symeon Papavassiliou , Christos Pelekis

In this paper we study fractional coloring from the angle of distributed computing. Fractional coloring is the linear relaxation of the classical notion of coloring, and has many applications, in particular in scheduling. It was proved by…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2021-03-15 Nicolas Bousquet , Louis Esperet , François Pirot

Classic symmetry-breaking problems on graphs have gained a lot of attention in models of modern parallel computation. The Adaptive Massively Parallel Computation (AMPC) is a model that captures the central challenges in data center…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-05-03 Rustam Latypov , Yannic Maus , Shreyas Pai , Jara Uitto

We present a deterministic distributed algorithm in the LOCAL model that finds a proper $(\Delta + 1)$-edge-coloring of an $n$-vertex graph of maximum degree $\Delta$ in $\mathrm{poly}(\Delta, \log n)$ rounds. This is the first nontrivial…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-03-08 Anton Bernshteyn

We design fast dynamic algorithms for proper vertex and edge colorings in a graph undergoing edge insertions and deletions. In the static setting, there are simple linear time algorithms for $(\Delta+1)$- vertex coloring and…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2017-11-15 Sayan Bhattacharya , Deeparnab Chakrabarty , Monika Henzinger , Danupon Nanongkai

Consider an n-vertex graph G = (V,E) of maximum degree Delta, and suppose that each vertex v \in V hosts a processor. The processors are allowed to communicate only with their neighbors in G. The communication is synchronous, i.e., it…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2010-03-09 Leonid Barenboim , Michael Elkin

Vizing's theorem guarantees that every graph with maximum degree $\Delta$ admits an edge coloring using $\Delta + 1$ colors. In online settings - where edges arrive one at a time and must be colored immediately - a simple greedy algorithm…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-07-30 Joakim Blikstad , Ola Svensson , Radu Vintan , David Wajc

Distributed vertex coloring is one of the classic problems and probably also the most widely studied problems in the area of distributed graph algorithms. We present a new randomized distributed vertex coloring algorithm for the standard…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2021-04-13 Magnús M. Halldórsson , Fabian Kuhn , Yannic Maus , Tigran Tonoyan