Related papers: The Open Flux Problem
Context. High resolution magnetic field measurements are routinely done only in the solar photosphere. Higher layers like the chromosphere and corona can be modeled by extrapolating the photospheric magnetic field upward. In the solar…
Parker Solar Probe (PSP) is providing an unprecedented view of the Sun's corona as it progressively dips closer into the solar atmosphere with each solar encounter. Each set of observations provides a unique opportunity to test and…
The coupling between small and large scale structures and processes on the Sun and in the heliosphere is important in the relation to the global magnetic configuration. Thin heliospheric current sheets play the leading role in this respect.…
Magnetic fields emerging from the Sun's interior carry information about physical processes of magnetic field generation and transport in the convection zone. Soon after appearance on the solar surface the magnetic flux gets concentrated in…
The coronal magnetic field directly or indirectly affects a majority of the phenomena studied in space physics. It provides energy for coronal heating, controls the release of coronal mass ejections (CMEs), and drives heliospheric and…
Employing Big Bear Solar Observatory (BBSO) deep magnetograms and H${\alpha}$ images in a quiet region and a coronal hole, observed on September 14 and 16, 2004, respectively, we have explored the magnetic flux emergence, disappearance and…
The solar magnetic structure changes over the solar cycle. It has a dipole structure during solar minimum, where the open flux extends mainly from the polar regions into the interplanetary space. During maximum, a complex structure is…
How and where are coronal loops rooted in the solar lower atmosphere? The details of the magnetic environment and its evolution at the footpoints of coronal loops are crucial to understanding the processes of mass and energy supply to the…
During the propagation of cosmic rays in the solar system, the Sun will block those particles and form a shadow whose position and depth are very important probe of the magnetic fields in the Sun's corona, in the interplanetary space, and…
Large scale solar magnetic field topology has a great influence on the structure of the corona, heliosphera and geomagnetic perturbations. Data obtained over the last three solar cycles have been analysed to reveal the relationships between…
The magnetic network extending from the photosphere (solar radius $\simeq R_\odot$) to lower corona ($R_\odot + 10$ Mm) plays an important role in the heating mechanisms of the solar atmosphere. Here we further develop the models with…
We expand upon our paper (Rice and Yeates, 2021) which introduced `Outflow Fields': alternatives to the widely-used potential field source surface (PFSS) extrapolations of the Sun's coronal magnetic field which take into account the effect…
This white paper advocates the importance of multi-height measurements of the vector magnetic field in the solar atmosphere. As briefly described in this document, these measurements are critical for addressing some of the most fundamental…
We explore the use of observed polar coronal holes (CHs) to constrain the flux distribution within the polar regions of global solar magnetic field maps in the absence of reliable quality polar field observations. Global magnetic maps,…
A major challenge in solar and heliospheric physics is understanding how highly localized regions, far smaller than 1 degree at the Sun, are the source of solar-wind structures spanning more than 20 degrees near Earth. The Sun's atmosphere…
The topology of the coronal magnetic field produces a strong impact on the properties of the solar corona and presumably on the origin of the slow solar wind. To advance our understanding of this impact, we revisit the concept of so-called…
This publication provides an overview of magnetic fields in the solar atmosphere with the focus lying on the corona. The solar magnetic field couples the solar interior with the visible surface of the Sun and with its atmosphere. It is also…
The magnetic activity of the Sun directly impacts the Earth and human life. Likewise, other stars will have an impact on the habitability of planets orbiting these host stars. The lack of information on the magnetic field in the higher…
The topology of magnetic fields near the open-closed flux boundary in the Sun's corona is an important influencing factor in the process of interchange reconnection, whereby plasma is exchanged between open and closed flux domains. Maps of…
We construct two classes of magnetohydrostatic (MHS) equilibria for an axisymmetric vertical flux tube spanning from the photosphere to the lower part of the transition region within a realistic stratified solar atmosphere subject to solar…