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Related papers: A Review and Analysis of Eye-Gaze Estimation Syste…

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Gaze estimation involves predicting where the person is looking at within an image or video. Technically, the gaze information can be inferred from two different magnification levels: face orientation and eye orientation. The inference is…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-10-27 Ashesh , Chu-Song Chen , Hsuan-Tien Lin

World-wide-web, with the website and webpage as the main interface, facilitates the dissemination of important information. Hence it is crucial to optimize them for better user interaction, which is primarily done by analyzing users'…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-01-09 Ciheng Zhang , Decky Aspandi , Steffen Staab

Head-mounted eye trackers promise convenient access to reliable gaze data in unconstrained environments. Due to several limitations, however, often they can only partially deliver on this promise. Among those are the following: (i) the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-09-02 Marc Tonsen , Chris Kay Baumann , Kai Dierkes

We present CasualGaze, a novel eye-gaze-based target selection technique to support natural and casual eye-gaze input. Unlike existing solutions that require users to keep the eye-gaze center on the target actively, CasualGaze allows users…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-08-26 Yingtian Shi , Yukang Yan , Zisu Li , Chen Liang , Yuntao Wang , Chun Yu , Yuanchun Shi

Many cameras implement auto-focus functionality. However, they typically require the user to manually identify the location to be focused on. While such an approach works for temporally-sparse autofocusing functionality (e.g., photo…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-11-10 Wolfgang Fuhl , Thiago Santini , Enkelejda Kasneci

Eye gaze estimation has become increasingly significant in computer vision.In this paper,we systematically study the mainstream of eye gaze estimation methods,propose a novel methodology to estimate eye gaze points and eye gaze directions…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-01-19 Yong Huang , Ben Chen , Daiming Qu

Eye-tracking technology is an integral component of new display devices such as virtual and augmented reality headsets. Applications of gaze information range from new interaction techniques exploiting eye patterns to gaze-contingent…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2022-05-05 Elena Arabadzhiyska , Cara Tursun , Hans-Peter Seidel , Piotr Didyk

This study evaluates a smartphone-based, deep-learning eye-tracking algorithm by comparing its performance against a commercial infrared-based eye tracker, the Tobii Pro Nano. The aim is to investigate the feasibility of appearance-based…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-24 Nishan Gunawardena , Gough Yumu Lui , Bahman Javadi , Jeewani Anupama Ginige

Conventional feature-based and model-based gaze estimation methods have proven to perform well in settings with controlled illumination and specialized cameras. In unconstrained real-world settings, however, such methods are surpassed by…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-05-15 Seonwook Park , Xucong Zhang , Andreas Bulling , Otmar Hilliges

Eye tracking has become increasingly important in virtual and augmented reality applications; however, the current gaze accuracy falls short of meeting the requirements for spatial computing. We designed a gaze collection framework and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Xiaoyin Yang

Non-invasive gaze estimation methods usually regress gaze directions directly from a single face or eye image. However, due to important variabilities in eye shapes and inner eye structures amongst individuals, universal models obtain…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-02-07 Gang Liu , Yu Yu , Kenneth A. Funes Mora , Jean-Marc Odobez

Accurately knowing uncertainties in appearance-based gaze tracking is critical for ensuring reliable downstream applications. Due to the lack of individual uncertainty labels, current uncertainty-aware approaches adopt probabilistic models…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-13 Qiaojie Zheng , Jiucai Zhang , Xiaoli Zhang

Gaze estimation methods learn eye gaze from facial features. However, among rich information in the facial image, real gaze-relevant features only correspond to subtle changes in eye region, while other gaze-irrelevant features like…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-12-24 Yihua Cheng , Yiwei Bao , Feng Lu

Advanced multimodal AI agents can now collaborate with users to solve challenges in the world. Yet, these emerging contextual AI systems rely on explicit communication channels between the user and system. We hypothesize that implicit…

To address this gap, we conduct a Virtual Reality experiment in which pedestrians interact with automated shuttles under varying approach angles (45{\deg}, 90{\deg}, 135{\deg}) and continuous-traffic conditions (single shuttle, two shuttles…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-25 Danya Li , Yan Feng , Rico Krueger

The cameras in modern gaze-tracking systems suffer from fundamental bandwidth and power limitations, constraining data acquisition speed to 300 Hz realistically. This obstructs the use of mobile eye trackers to perform, e.g., low latency…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-08-09 Anastasios N. Angelopoulos , Julien N. P. Martel , Amit P. S. Kohli , Jorg Conradt , Gordon Wetzstein

This study investigates the capability blessings of the use of eye-monitoring technology to beautify the usability of web sites. With the upward thrust of on-line interactions, website usability has turn out to be increasingly important for…

Other Computer Science · Computer Science 2023-05-23 Niharika Veeravalli

In this paper, we evaluate a synthetic framework to be used in the field of gaze estimation employing deep learning techniques. The lack of sufficient annotated data could be overcome by the utilization of a synthetic evaluation framework…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-06-15 Gonzalo Garde , Andoni Larumbe-Bergera , Benoît Bossavit , Rafael Cabeza , Sonia Porta , Arantxa Villanueva

Eye gaze controlled interfaces allow us to directly manipulate a graphical user interface just by looking at it. This technology has great potential in military aviation, in particular, operating different displays in situations where…

Despite decades of research on data collection and model architectures, current gaze estimation models encounter significant challenges in generalizing across diverse data domains. Recent advances in self-supervised pre-training have shown…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-14 Jiawei Qin , Xucong Zhang , Yusuke Sugano