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We propose a theory for a type of apertureless scanning near field microscopy that is intended to allow the measurement of magnetism on a nanometer length scale. A scanning probe, for example a scanning tunneling microscope (STM) tip, is…

Condensed Matter · Physics 2007-05-23 Peter Johansson , S. Peter Apell , D. R. Penn

Magnetic microscopy that combines nanoscale spatial resolution with picosecond scale temporal resolution uniquely enables direct observation of the spatiotemporal magnetic phenomena that are relevant to future high-speed, high-density…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2021-07-07 Chi Zhang , Jason M. Bartell , Jonathan C. Karsch , Isaiah Gray , Gregory D. Fuchs

Spintronics has emerged as a key technology for fast and non-volatile memory with great CMOS compatibility. As the building blocks for these cutting-edge devices, magnetic materials require precise characterization of their critical…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2025-07-30 Yun Kim , Dingbin Huang , Deyuan Lyu , Haoyue Sun , Jian-Ping Wang , Paul A. Crowell , Xiaojia Wang

Recently magnetic storage and magnetic memory have shifted towards the use of magnetic thin films with perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (PMA). Understanding the magnetic damping in these materials is crucial, but normal Ferromagnetic…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2018-03-14 Dustin M. Lattery , Delin Zhang , Jie Zhu , Paul Crowell , Jian-Ping Wang , Xiaojia Wang

High-resolution imaging of magnetic nanostructures is essential for understanding fundamental spin phenomena and designing advanced devices. Recent developments in three-dimensional (3D) nanomagnetism have highlighted the growing need for…

Magneto-optic Kerr effect (MOKE) is a powerful probe of broken time-reversal symmetry ($\mathcal{T}$), typically used to study ferromagnets. While MOKE has been observed in some antiferromagnets (AFMs) with vanishing magnetization, it is…

Materials Science · Physics 2026-01-08 V. Sunko , S. Ahsanullah , V. Jain , S. Weber , S. Kumaran , J. -Q. Yan , J. Orenstein , D. Ovchinnikov

Magneto-optical spectroscopy based on the transverse magneto-optical Kerr effect (TMOKE) is a sensitive method for investigation of magnetically-ordered media. However, in magnetic materials the optical transitions are usually characterized…

We report on time- and angle-resolved transverse magneto-optical Kerr effect spectroscopy in the soft x-ray range that, by analysis via polarization-dependent magnetic scattering simulations, allows us to determine the spatio-temporal and…

Recent advances in nanoscale magnetism have demonstrated the potential for spin-based technology including magnetic random access memory, nanoscale microwave sources, and ultra-low power signal transfer. Future engineering advances and new…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2015-02-24 J. M. Bartell , D. H. Ngai , Z. Leng , G. D. Fuchs

Magnetic resonance force microscopy (MRFM) is a scanning probe technique capable of detecting MRI signals from nanoscale sample volumes, providing a paradigm-changing potential for structural biology and medical research. Thus far, however,…

Injection of a radio frequency (RF) current was used to phase lock the SHNO to the TRSKM. The out of plane magnetization was detected by means of the polar magneto optical Kerr effect (MOKE). However, longitudinal MOKE images were dominated…

We describe a two-color pump-probe scanning magneto-optical Kerr effect (MOKE) microscope which we have developed to investigate electron spin phenomena in semiconductors at cryogenic temperatures with picosecond time and micrometer spatial…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2015-06-17 T. Henn , T. Kiessling , W. Ossau , L. W. Molenkamp , K. Biermann , P. V. Santos

Scattering-type scanning near-field microscopy (s-SNOM) at terahertz (THz) frequencies could become a highly valuable tool for studying a variety of phenomena of both fundamental and applied interest, including mobile carrier excitations or…

Polarized light microscopy, as a contrast-enhancing technique for optically anisotropic materials, is a method well suited for the investigation of a wide variety of effects in solid-state physics, as for example birefringence in crystals…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2017-12-19 Matthias Lange , Stefan Guénon , Felix Lever , Reinhold Kleiner , Dieter Koelle

We review recent efforts to detect small numbers of nuclear spins using magnetic resonance force microscopy. Magnetic resonance force microscopy (MRFM) is a scanning probe technique that relies on the mechanical measurement of the weak…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2010-08-03 M. Poggio , C. L. Degen

IR spectroscopy has been widely used for chemical identification and quantitative analysis of reactions occurring in a specific time and space domains by measuring an average signal of the entire system1. Achieving IR measurements with…

Time-resolved scanning near-field optical microscopy (tr-SNOM) enables the measurement of the dynamic optical response of functional surfaces beyond the diffraction limit. Experimental challenges are imposed both by the use of a pulsed…

Optics · Physics 2026-04-16 Philipp Schwendke , Julia Stähler , Samuel Palato

Resolving sub-10 nm spin switching and the associated terahertz (THz) electrodynamics during the colossal magnetoresistance (CMR) transition is a definitive frontier in reaching the fundamental spatial, temporal, and energy-dissipation…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2026-03-10 Samuel Haeuser , Randall K. Chan , Richard H. J. Kim , Joong-Mok Park , Martin Mootz , Thomas Koschny , Jigang Wang

The rapid development of nanoscience and nanotechnology in the last two decades was stimulated by the emergence of scanning probe microscopy (SPM) techniques capable of accessing local material properties, including transport, mechanical,…

Momentum microscopy (MM) is a novel way of performing angular-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy (ARPES). Combined with time-of-flight (ToF) energy recording, its high degree of parallelization is advantageous for photon-hungry experiments…

Materials Science · Physics 2024-06-19 Gerd Schönhense , Hans-Joachim Elmers
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