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We introduce a computational method to discover polymorphs in molecular crystals at finite temperature. The method is based on reproducing the crystallization process starting from the liquid and letting the system discover the relevant…
To obtain the best resolution for any measurement there is an ever-present challenge to achieve maximal differentiation between signal and noise over as fine of sampling dimensions as possible. In diffraction science these issues are…
Atomic-resolution scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) characterization requires precise tilting of the specimen to high symmetric zone axis, which is usually processed in reciprocal space by following the diffraction patterns.…
The development of the crystallinity and of the crystallographic orientation of isotactic polypropylene (iPP) during rolling deformation and subsequent heat treatment is studied. The experiments are conducted by using X-ray diffraction with…
The inverse design of metasurfaces faces inherent challenges due to the nonlinear and highly complex relationship between geometric configurations and their electromagnetic behavior. Traditional optimization approaches often suffer from…
The ability to measure small deformations or strains is useful for understanding many aspects of materials. Here, a new analysis of speckle diffraction peaks is presented in which the systematic shifts of the speckles are analyzed allowing…
Protein rotational kinetics are essential for understanding macromolecular behavior in crowded environments, yet measuring these dynamics at solid-liquid interfaces remains a significant challenge due to low signal strengths. Here, we…
Compact direct electron detectors are becoming increasingly popular in electron microscopy applications including electron backscatter diffraction, as they offer an opportunity for low cost and accessible microstructural analysis. In this…
Diffusion magnetic resonance imaging is an imaging technology designed to probe anatomical architectures of biological samples in an in vivo and non-invasive manner through measuring water diffusion. The contribution of this paper is…
Very short pulses of x-ray free-electron lasers opened the way to obtain diffraction signal from single particles beyond the radiation dose limit. For 3D structure reconstruction many patterns are recorded in the object's unknown…
We introduce a novel reflection-mode diffraction tomography technique that enables simultaneous recovery of forward and backward scattering information for high-resolution 3D refractive index reconstruction. Our technique works by imaging a…
Material properties strongly depend on the nature and concentration of defects. Characterizing these features may require nano- to atomic-scale resolution to establish structure-property relationships. 4D-STEM, a technique where diffraction…
Destriping is a classical problem in remote sensing image processing. Although considerable effort has been made to remove stripes, few of the existing methods can eliminate stripe noise with arbitrary orientations. This situation makes the…
Polarization is well known for its ability to decompose diffuse and specular reflections. However, the existing decomposition methods only focus on direct reflection and overlook multiple reflections, especially specular inter-reflection.…
For the optical testing of a large mirror with a long radius of curvature, it is generally necessary to use a single-shot phase-shifting interferometer to take several measurements because the influence of air turbulence on air…
Ill-posed inverse problems are fundamental in many domains, ranging from astrophysics to medical imaging. Emerging diffusion models provide a powerful prior for solving these problems. Existing maximum-a-posteriori (MAP) or posterior…
The advent of advanced crystallographic techniques has shifted structural biology from static, single-conformer models toward probing protein dynamics. Extracting cooperative motions from temporally and spatially averaged electron density…
The short and intense pulses of the new X-ray free electron lasers, now operational or under construction, may make possible diffraction experiments on single molecule-sized objects with high resolution, before radiation damage destroys the…
Grazing incidence X-ray diffraction (GIXD) is widely used for the structural characterization of thin films, particularly for analyzing phase composition and the orientation distribution of crystallites. While various tools exist for…
We provide a complete pipeline for the detection of patterns of interest in an image. In our approach, the patterns are assumed to be adequately modeled by a known template, and are located at unknown positions and orientations that we aim…