Related papers: Data, Science and Society
Many Artificial Intelligence systems depend on the agent's updating its beliefs about the world on the basis of experience. Experiments constitute one type of experience, so scientific methodology offers a natural environment for examining…
This essay is the first systematic account of causal relationships between measurement instruments and the data they elicit in the social sciences. This problem of reflexive measurement is pervasive and profoundly affects social scientific…
Data physicalizations "map data to physical form," yet many canonical examples are not based on data sets. To address this contradiction, I argue that the practice of physicalization forces us to rethink traditional notions of data. This…
Information Theory provides a fundamental basis for analysis, and for a variety of subsequent methodological approaches, in relation to uncertainty quantification. The transversal character of concepts and derived results justifies its…
Scholarly usage data provides unique opportunities to address the known shortcomings of citation analysis. However, the collection, processing and analysis of usage data remains an area of active research. This article provides a review of…
Recent advances in data science, machine learning, and artificial intelligence, such as the emergence of large language models, are leading to an increasing demand for data that can be processed by such models. While data sources are…
Purpose: This article describes the interviews we conducted in late 2021 with 19 researchers at the Department of Classical Philology and Italian Studies at the University of Bologna. The main purpose was to shed light on the definition of…
We highlight the role of Data Science in Biomedicine. Our manuscript goes from the general to the particular, presenting a global definition of Data Science and showing the trend for this discipline together with the terms of cloud…
Nowadays, science has been coming into a new paradigm, called data-intensive science. While current studies of the new phenomenon focused on building up infrastructure for this new paradigm, yet a few studies concern users of scientific…
We introduce and investigate a family of consequence relations with the goal of capturing certain important patterns of data-driven inference. The inspiring idea for our framework is the fact that data may reject, possibly to some degree,…
Human beings have been generating data since very long times ago. We ask the following common-sense and wise questions (WizQuestions): 1. Why do we refer to some pieces of data more often than referring to other pieces? 2. What does make…
The twenty-first century is a data-driven era where human activities and behavior, physical phenomena, scientific discoveries, technology advancements, and almost everything that happens in the world resulting in massive generation,…
As the amount of scientific data continues to grow at ever faster rates, the research community is increasingly in need of flexible computational infrastructure that can support the entirety of the data science lifecycle, including…
The purpose of this paper is to contribute to the challenge of transferring know-how, theories and methods from design research to the design processes in information science and technologies. More specifically, we shall consider a domain,…
In recent years, a series of high-profile retractions and fraud cases have arisen in physics, sparking a conversation about research integrity and replicability. Here, we discuss how the practice of science is shaped by the social and…
This contribution argues that Reddit, as a massive, categorized, open-access dataset, is a useful data source, for "almost any topic". Hence, it can be used in data science, e.g. for knowledge exploration. This statement is backed-up with…
It is widely recognised nowadays that there is no single, accepted, unified definition of Open Science, which motivates our proposal of an Open Science definition as a political and legal framework where research outputs are shared and…
Astronomy produces extremely large data sets from ground-based telescopes, space missions, and simulation. The volume and complexity of these rich data sets require new approaches and advanced tools to understand the information contained…
Human-computer interaction relies on mouse/touchpad, keyboard, and screen, but tools have recently been developed that engage sound, smell, touch, muscular resistance, voice dialogue, balance, and multiple senses at once. How might these…
Many have argued that statistics students need additional facility to express statistical computations. By introducing students to commonplace tools for data management, visualization, and reproducible analysis in data science and applying…