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We study the quantum relaxation of the two-dimensional transverse-field Ising model after global quenches with a real-time variational Monte Carlo method and address the question whether this non-integrable, two-dimensional system…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2017-01-18 Benjamin Blaß , Heiko Rieger

Significant attention has been devoted to the problem of thermalization of observables in isolated quantum setups by individual eigenstates. Here, we address this issue from an open quantum system perspective, examining an isolated setup…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-01-15 Krzysztof Ptaszynski , Massimiliano Esposito

It is analytically shown that the asymptotic correlations in exactly solvable models following a quantum quench can behave essentially as thermal correlations provided the entanglement between two eigenmodes is sufficiently strong. We…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2015-06-04 Ming-Chiang Chung , Anibal Iucci , Miguel. A. Cazalilla

Integrable systems do not obey the strong eigenstate thermalization hypothesis (ETH), which has been proposed as a mechanism of thermalization in isolated quantum systems. It has been suggested that an integrable system reaches a steady…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2019-07-29 Takashi Ishii , Takashi Mori

Based on the view that thermal equilibrium should be characterized through macroscopic observations, we develop a general theory about typicality of thermal equilibrium and the approach to thermal equilibrium in macroscopic quantum systems.…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2018-08-02 Hal Tasaki

We consider a quantum quench in a non-interacting fermionic one-dimensional field-theory. The system of size $L$ is initially prepared into two halves $\mathcal{L}$ ($[-L/2,0]$) and $\mathcal{R}$ ($[0,L/2]$), each of them thermalized at two…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2014-10-23 Mario Collura , Dragi Karevski

We use quantum quenches to study the dynamics and thermalization of hardcore bosons in finite one-dimensional lattices. We perform exact diagonalizations and find that, far away from integrability, few-body observables thermalize. We then…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-09-02 Marcos Rigol

When a non-integrable system evolves out of equilibrium for a long time, local observables are expected to attain stationary expectation values, independent of the details of the initial state. However, intriguing experimental results with…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-05-17 Mari Carmen Bañuls , J. Ignacio Cirac , Matthew B. Hastings

The last decade has witnessed the remarkable progress in our understanding of thermalization in isolated quantum systems. Combining the eigenstate thermalization hypothesis with quantum measurement theory, we extend the framework of quantum…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2018-10-31 Yuto Ashida , Keiji Saito , Masahito Ueda

Generalized thermalization is a process that occurs in integrable systems in which unitary dynamics, e.g., following a quantum quench, results in states in which observables after equilibration are described by generalized Gibbs ensembles…

Quantum Gases · Physics 2021-09-22 Yicheng Zhang , Lev Vidmar , Marcos Rigol

Understanding relaxation processes is an important unsolved problem in many areas of physics. A key challenge in studying such non-equilibrium dynamics is the scarcity of experimental tools for characterizing their complex transient states.…

We study sudden quantum quenches in which the initial states are selected to be either eigenstates of an integrable Hamiltonian that is nonmappable to a noninteracting one or a nonintegrable Hamiltonian, while the Hamiltonian after the…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2013-04-15 Kai He , Marcos Rigol

We consider quantum quenches in an integrable quantum chain with tuneable-integrability-breaking interactions. In the case where these interactions are weak, we demonstrate that at intermediate times after the quench local observables relax…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2014-04-23 F. H. L. Essler , S. Kehrein , S. R. Manmana , N. J. Robinson

Thermal states are the bedrock of statistical physics. Nevertheless, when and how they actually arise in closed quantum systems is not fully understood. We consider this question for systems with local Hamiltonians on finite quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-06-22 Terry Farrelly , Fernando G. S. L. Brandao , Marcus Cramer

The usual paradigm of open quantum systems falls short when the environment is actually coupled to additional fields or components that drive it out of equilibrium. Here we explore the simplest such scenario, by considering a two level…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-09-08 Andreu Anglés-Castillo , Mari Carmen Bañuls , Armando Pérez , Inés De Vega

Prethermalization refers to the physical phenomenon where a system evolves toward some long-lived non-equilibrium steady state before eventual thermalization sets in. One general scenario where this occurs is in driven systems with dynamics…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-12-09 Wen Wei Ho , Wojciech De Roeck

Understanding how an isolated quantum system evolves toward a thermal state from an initial state far from equilibrium such as one prepared by a global quantum quench has attracted significant interest in recent years. This phenomenon can…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2025-01-23 Mohsen Alishahiha , Mohammad Javad Vasli

Understanding how macroscopic systems exhibit irreversible thermal behavior has been a long-standing challenge, first brought to prominence by Boltzmann. Recent advances have established rigorous conditions for isolated quantum systems to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-04-10 M. R. Passos , Thiago R. de Oliveira

Time dynamics of isolated many-body quantum systems has long been an elusive subject. Very recently, however, meaningful experimental studies of the problem have finally become possible, stimulating theoretical interest as well. Progress in…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-06-11 Marcos Rigol , Vanja Dunjko , Maxim Olshanii

Open quantum systems that comply with the master equation and detailed balance decay in a non-oscillatory manner to thermal equilibrium. Beyond the weak coupling limit, systems that break microreversibility (e.g., in the presence of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-05-26 Shay Blum , David Gelbwaser-Klimovsky