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We say that the order of an algebraic number $A$ is the minimum of positive integers $k$ such that $A^k$ is rational. In this paper, we show that the number of algebraic numbers $A$ with order $k$ such that \[ A,\ A^A,\ A^{A^A},\ \ldots \]…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2020-01-08 Hirotaka Kobayashi , Kota Saito , Wataru Takeda

We develop a meta-algorithm that, given a polynomial (in one or more variables), and a prime p, produces a fast (logarithmic time) algorithm that takes a positive integer n and outputs the number of times each residue class modulo p appears…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-03-09 Shalosh B. Ekhad , N. J. A. Sloane , Doron Zeilberger

We prove that any tensor product factorization with a commutative factor of a modular group algebra over a prime field comes from a direct product decomposition of the group basis. This extends previous work by Carlson and Kov\'acs for the…

Representation Theory · Mathematics 2026-04-07 Diego García-Lucas , Ángel del Río , Taro Sakurai

We propose a novel factorization algorithm that leverages the theory underlying the SQUFOF method, including reduced quadratic forms, infrastructural distance, and Gauss composition. We also present an analysis of our method, which has a…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2025-01-22 Nadir Murru , Giulia Salvatori

We construct fast, structure-preserving iterations for computing the sign decomposition of a unitary matrix $A$ with no eigenvalues equal to $\pm i$. This decomposition factorizes $A$ as the product of an involutory matrix $S =…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2020-11-26 Evan S. Gawlik

Let $r \ge 2$ be an integer and let $A$ be a finite, nonempty set of nonzero integers. We will obtain a lower bound for the number of squarefree integers $n$, up to $x$, for which the products $\prod_{p \mid n} (p+a)$ (over primes $p$) are…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2010-08-16 Tristan Freiberg

We introduce and consider a certain probability question involving elementary number theory and the likelihood that a fixed prime will appear in a certain recursively defined factorization of an integer. We derive several convergent…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2014-06-17 Patrick Devlin , Edinah Gnang

An extension to the factorisation principle as suggested by Fermat is presented.We start from a symmetry of natural numbers and obtain the factorisation principle therefrom.Later it is extended further to test the primality of any natural…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Satyabrata Adhikari , Abhijit Sen

In this paper we will give a similar factorization as in \cite{4}, \cite{5}, where the autors Svrtan and Meljanac examined certain matrix factorizations on Fock-like representation of a multiparametric quon algebra on the free associative…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2015-04-13 Milena Sosic

We exhibit a probabilistic algorithm which solves a polynomial system over the rationals defined by a reduced regular sequence. Its bit complexity is roughly quadratic in the B\'ezout number of the system and linear in its bit size. Our…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2016-12-23 Nardo Gimenez , Guillermo Matera

We study the general integer programming problem where the number of variables $n$ is a variable part of the input. We consider two natural parameters of the constraint matrix $A$: its numeric measure $a$ and its sparsity measure $d$. We…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-08-01 Friedrich Eisenbrand , Christoph Hunkenschröder , Kim-Manuel Klein , Martin Koutecký , Asaf Levin , Shmuel Onn

Buresh-Oppenheim proved that the NP search problem to find nontrivial factors of integers of a special form belongs to Papadimitriou's class PPA, and is probabilistically reducible to a problem in PPP. In this paper, we use ideas from…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2015-12-02 Emil Jeřábek

By combining well-known techniques from both noncommutative algebra and computational commutative algebra, we observe that an algorithmic approach can be applied to the study of irreducible representations of finitely presented algebras. In…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Edward S. Letzter

When a time propagator $e^{\delta t A}$ for duration $\delta t$ consists of two noncommuting parts $A=X+Y$, Trotterization approximately decomposes the propagator into a product of exponentials of $X$ and $Y$. Various Trotterization…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-11-08 Tatsuhiko N. Ikeda , Asir Abrar , Isaac L. Chuang , Sho Sugiura

The capability of discretization of matrix elements in the problem of quadratic functional minimization with linear member built on matrix in N-dimensional configuration space with discrete coordinates is researched. It is shown, that…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2012-05-04 Boris Kryzhanovsky , Mikhail Kryzhanovsky , Magomed Malsagov

We explore an algorithm for approximating roots of integers, discuss its motivation and derivation, and analyze its convergence rates with varying parameters and inputs. We also perform comparisons with established methods for approximating…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2021-01-11 William Gerst

Let $n$ and $k$ be integers. A set $A\subset\mathbb{Z}/n\mathbb{Z}$ is $k$-free if for all $x$ in $A$, $kx\notin A$. We determine the maximal cardinality of such a set when $k$ and $n$ are coprime. We also study several particular cases and…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2014-10-06 Victor Lambert

Tensor decompositions, which represent an $N$-order tensor using approximately $N$ factors of much smaller dimensions, can significantly reduce the number of parameters. This is particularly beneficial for high-order tensors, as the number…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-23 Zhen Qin , Michael B. Wakin , Zhihui Zhu

We explicitly describe the splitting of odd integral primes in the radical extension $\mathbb{Q}(\sqrt[n]{a})$, where $x^n-a$ is an irreducible polynomial in $\mathbb{Z}[x]$. Our motivation is to classify common index divisors, the primes…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2025-07-25 Hanson Smith

Let $A$ be a Dedekind domain, $K$ the fraction field of $A$, and $f\in A[x]$ a monic irreducible separable polynomial. For a given non-zero prime ideal $\mathfrak{p}$ of $A$ we present in this paper a new method to compute a…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2015-11-09 Jens-Dietrich Bauch