Related papers: Elementary proof of Fermat's Last Theorem for even…

We present a short elementary proof of the well-known criterion for a cubic polynomial to have three real roots. The proof is based on Fermat's approach to calculus for polynomials. This approach illustrates the idea of a derivative…

Mazur's isogeny theorem states that if $p$ is a prime for which there exists an elliptic curve $E / \mathbb{Q}$ that admits a rational isogeny of degree $p$, then $p \in \{2,3,5,7,11,13,17,19,37,43,67,163 \}$. This result is one of the…

For a fixed prime $p$, let $e_p(n!)$ denote the order of $p$ in the prime factorization of $n!$. Chen and Liu (2007) asked whether for any fixed $m$, one has $\{e_p(n^2!) \bmod m:\; n\in\mathbb{Z}\}=\mathbb{Z}_m$ and $\{e_p(q!) \bmod m:\; q…

This paper proposes a generalized ABC conjecture and assuming its validity settles a generalized version of Fermats last theorem.

In this article we will prove that if the continuous closed curve $\gamma : [0, 1] \rightarrow \mathbb{R}^2$ has finite $p$-variation with $p < 2$, then $(\iint\limits_{\mathbb{R}^2}|\eta(\gamma, (x, y))|^q \,dx \,dy)^{1/q} \le…

The aim of this paper is to try to establish a generic model for the problem that several multivariable number-theoretic functions represent simultaneously primes for infinitely many integral points. More concretely, we introduced briefly…

It is shown that the quartic Fermat equation $x^4 +y^4=1$ has nontrivial integral solutions in the Hilbert class field $\Sigma$ of any quadratic field $K=\mathbb{Q}(\sqrt{-d})$ whose discriminant satisfies $-d \equiv 1$ (mod 8). A corollary…

Representations of primes by simple quadratic forms, such as $\pm a^2\pm qb^2$, is a subject that goes back to Fermat, Lagrange, Legendre, Euler, Gauss and many others. We are interested in a comprehensive list of such results, for $q\le…

We give an explicit formulae for obtaining the translation symmetries in the cartesian product $X^N$, where $N$ is some positive integer and $X$ is some finite set. Moreover, we obtain some fundamental results from elementary number theory.

We study the exponential Diophantine equation $x^2+p^mq^n=2y^p$ in positive integers $x,y,m,n$, and odd primes $p$ and $q$ using primitive divisors of Lehmer sequences in combination with elementary number theory. We discuss the solvability…

Let K be a totally real Galois number field and let A be a set of elliptic curves over K. We give sufficient conditions for the existence of a finite computable set of rational primes P such that for p not in P and E in A, the…

Every finite group $G$ has a normal series each of whose factors is either a solvable group or a direct product of non-abelian simple groups. The minimum number of nonsolvable factors, attained on all possible such series in $G$, is called…

Carlitz proved that, for any prime power q other than 2, the group of all permutations of the finite field F_q is generated by the permutations induced by degree-one polynomials and x^{q-2}. His proof relies on a remarkable polynomial which…

The classical Waring problem deals with expressing every natural number as a sum of g(k) kth powers. Similar problems for finite simple groups have been studied recently, and in this paper we study them for finite quasisimple groups G. We…

In this paper we give a conditional improvement to the Elekes-Szab\'{o} problem over the rationals, assuming the Uniformity Conjecture. Our main result states that for $F\in \mathbb{Q}[x,y,z]$ belonging to a particular family of…

We provide a short proof of an algebraic identity. For integers $n\ge 2$ and variables $x,y,z$, it represents $(x^n+y^n-z^n)$ as a value of the quadratic form $\mathcal A^2+\mathcal B^2-\mathcal C^2$ after multiplication by an explicit…

We prove existence and uniqueness of \emph{eternal solutions} in self-similar form growing up in time with exponential rate for the weighted reaction-diffusion equation $$ \partial_tu=\Delta u^m+|x|^{\sigma}u^p, $$ posed in $\real^N$, with…

Let $E/\mathbb{Q}$ be an elliptic curve. For a prime $p$ of good reduction, let $r(E,p)$ be the smallest non-negative integer that gives the $x$-coordinate of a point of maximal order in the group $E(\mathbb{F}_p)$. We prove unconditionally…

We determine the set of primitive integral solutions to the generalised Fermat equation x^2 + y^3 = z^15. As expected, the only solutions are the trivial ones with xyz = 0 and the non-trivial pair (x,y,z) = (+-3, -2, 1).

We consider small solutions of quadratic congruences of the form $x_1^2+\alpha_2x_2^2+\alpha_3x_3^2\equiv 0 \bmod{q}$, where $q=p^m$ is an odd prime power. Here, $\alpha_2$ is arbitrary but fixed and $\alpha_3$ is variable, and we assume…