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Private information retrieval (PIR) is a cryptographic primitive that allows a client to securely query one or multiple servers without revealing their specific interests. In spite of their strong security guarantees, current PIR…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Mpoki Mwaisela , Peterson Yuhala , Pascal Felber , Valerio Schiavoni

A 2-server Private Information Retrieval (PIR) scheme allows a user to retrieve the $i$th bit of an $n$-bit database replicated among two servers (which do not communicate) while not revealing any information about $i$ to either server. In…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2014-07-25 Zeev Dvir , Sivakanth Gopi

Private information retrieval (PIR), a privacy-preserving cryptographic tool, solves a simplified version of this problem by hiding the database item that a client accesses. Most PIR protocols require the client to know the exact row index…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-03-21 Syed Mahbub Hafiz , Chitrabhanu Gupta , Warren Wnuck , Brijesh Vora , Chen-Nee Chuah

Double blind $T$-private information retrieval (DB-TPIR) enables two users, each of whom specifies an index ($\theta_1, \theta_2$, resp.), to efficiently retrieve a message $W(\theta_1,\theta_2)$ labeled by the two indices, from a set of…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-09-16 Yuxiang Lu , Zhuqing Jia , Syed A. Jafar

Private information retrieval (PIR) gets renewed attentions due to its information-theoretic reformulation and its application in distributed storage system (DSS). The general PIR model considers a coded database containing $N$ servers…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2017-10-12 Yiwei Zhang , Gennian Ge

We consider the problem of multi-access cache-aided multi-user Private Information Retrieval (MuPIR). In this problem, several files are replicated across multiple servers. There are $K$ users and $C$ cache nodes. Each user can access $L$…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2022-02-11 Kanishak Vaidya , B Sundar Rajan

We consider the problem of cache-aided Multiuser Private Information Retrieval (MuPIR) which is an extension of the single-user cache-aided PIR problem to the case of multiple users. In MuPIR, each of the $K_{\rm u}$ cache-equipped users…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2020-11-24 Xiang Zhang , Kai Wan , Hua Sun , Mingyue Ji , Giuseppe Caire

We consider the problem of private information retrieval (PIR) from MDS coded databases with colluding servers, i.e., MDS-TPIR. In the MDS-TPIR setting, $M$ files are stored across $N$ servers, where each file is stored independently using…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2026-03-12 Rui Sun , Ran Tao , Jingke Xu , Yiwei Zhang

We reformulate the definition of privacy in the private information retrieval (PIR) problem to accommodate flexible privacy requirements. We focus on graph-replicated PIR, with a generalized privacy requirement, instead of requiring all…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Mohamed Nomeir , Shreya Meel , Sennur Ulukus

Private information retrieval (PIR) allows a user to download one of $K$ messages from $N$ databases without revealing to any database which of the $K$ messages is being downloaded. In general, the databases can be storage constrained where…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2019-01-23 Nicholas Woolsey , Rong-Rong Chen , Mingyue Ji

With increasing demands for privacy, it becomes necessary to protect sensitive user query data when accessing public key-value databases. Existing Private Information Retrieval (PIR) schemes provide full security but suffer from poor…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-03-10 Jiaoyi Zhang , Liqiang Peng , Mo Sha , Weiran Liu , Xiang Li , Sheng Wang , Feifei Li , Mingyu Gao , Huanchen Zhang

The problem of $T$-colluding private information retrieval (PIR) enables the user to retrieve one out of $M$ files from a distributed storage system with $N$ servers without revealing anything about the index of the desired file to any…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Jinbao Zhu , Xiaohu Tang

We consider the problem of private information retrieval (PIR) of a single message out of $K$ messages from $N$ non-colluding and non-replicated databases. Different from the majority of the existing literature, which considers the case of…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2019-01-03 Karim Banawan , Sennur Ulukus

We consider the problem of cache-aided multi-user private information retrieval (MuPIR). In this problem, $N$ independent files are replicated across $S \geq 2$ non-colluding servers. There are $K$ users, each equipped with cache memory…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2022-12-27 Kanishak Vaidya , B Sundar Rajan

Private information retrieval (PIR) is a mechanism for efficiently downloading messages while keeping the index of the desired message secret from the servers. PIR schemes have been extended to various scenarios with adversarial servers:…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2026-01-23 Atsushi Miki , Toshiyasu Matsushima

We consider a special case of $X$-secure $T$-private information retrieval (XSTPIR), where the security requirement is \emph{asymmetric} due to possible missing communication links between the $N$ databases considered in the system. We…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-05-10 Mohamed Nomeir , Sajani Vithana , Sennur Ulukus

Private Information Retrieval (PIR) schemes enable users to securely retrieve files from a server without disclosing the content of their queries, thereby preserving their privacy. In 2008, Melchor and Gaborit proposed a PIR scheme that…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-05-12 Svenja Lage

We introduce the \emph{Private Structured-Subset Retrieval (PSSR)} problem, where a user retrieves $D$ messages from a database of $K$ messages replicated across $N$ non-colluding servers, and the demand is restricted to a known structured…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Maha Issa , Anoosheh Heidarzadeh

Consider Private Information Retrieval (PIR), where a client wants to retrieve one file out of $K$ files that are replicated in $N$ different servers and the client selection must remain private when up to $T$ servers may collude.…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-03-08 Hassan ZivariFard , Remi A. Chou

In the problem of cache-aided multiuser private information retrieval (MuPIR), a set of $K_{\rm u}$ cache-equipped users wish to privately download a set of messages from $N$ distributed databases each holding a library of $K$ messages. The…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2021-02-05 Xiang Zhang , Kai Wan , Hua Sun , Mingyue Ji , Giuseppe Caire