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We show that in a common high-dimensional covariance model, the choice of loss function has a profound effect on optimal estimation. In an asymptotic framework based on the Spiked Covariance model and use of orthogonally invariant…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2017-06-06 David L. Donoho , Matan Gavish , Iain M. Johnstone

The state-of-the-art methods for estimating high-dimensional covariance matrices all shrink the eigenvalues of the sample covariance matrix towards a data-insensitive shrinkage target. The underlying shrinkage transformation is either…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-11-25 Man-Chung Yue , Yves Rychener , Daniel Kuhn , Viet Anh Nguyen

Many machine learning algorithms require precise estimates of covariance matrices. The sample covariance matrix performs poorly in high-dimensional settings, which has stimulated the development of alternative methods, the majority based on…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2016-11-04 Daniel Bartz

High-breakdown-point estimators of multivariate location and shape matrices, such as the MM-estimator with smooth hard rejection and the Rocke S-estimator, are generally designed to have high efficiency at the Gaussian distribution.…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2023-05-16 Justin A. Fishbone , Lamine Mili

Estimating a covariance matrix is an important task in applications where the number of variables is larger than the number of observations. Shrinkage approaches for estimating a high-dimensional covariance matrix are often employed to…

Methodology · Statistics 2015-06-18 Anestis Touloumis

We study the design of portfolios under a minimum risk criterion. The performance of the optimized portfolio relies on the accuracy of the estimated covariance matrix of the portfolio asset returns. For large portfolios, the number of…

Portfolio Management · Quantitative Finance 2016-01-20 Liusha Yang , Romain Couillet , Matthew R. McKay

This paper introduces a neural network-based nonlinear shrinkage estimator of covariance matrices for the purpose of minimum variance portfolio optimization. It is a hybrid approach that integrates statistical estimation with machine…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-23 Liusha Yang , Siqi Zhao , Shuqi Chai

Partial coherence is an important quantity derived from spectral or precision matrices and is used in seismology, meteorology, oceanography, neuroscience and elsewhere. If the number of complex degrees of freedom only slightly exceeds the…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2016-11-03 D. Schneider-Luftman , A. T. Walden

We address the problem of robust sparse estimation of the precision matrix for heavy-tailed distributions in high-dimensional settings. In such high-dimensional contexts, we observe that the covariance matrix can be approximated by a…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-03-06 Zhengke Lu , Long Feng

Elliptically symmetric distributions are widely used in portfolio modeling, as well as in signal processing applications for modeling impulsive background noises. Of particular interest are algorithms for covariance estimation and subspace…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2016-12-01 Christophe Culan , Claude Adnet

Stochastic PDE eigenvalue problems are useful models for quantifying the uncertainty in several applications from the physical sciences and engineering, e.g., structural vibration analysis, the criticality of a nuclear reactor or photonic…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2022-10-07 Alexander D. Gilbert , Robert Scheichl

The estimation of covariance matrices of multiple classes with limited training data is a difficult problem. The sample covariance matrix (SCM) is known to perform poorly when the number of variables is large compared to the available…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-11-10 Elias Raninen , Esa Ollila

This paper investigates regularized estimation of Kronecker-structured covariance matrices (CM) for polarization radar in sea clutter scenarios where the data are assumed to follow the complex, elliptically symmetric (CES) distributions…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-02-08 Lei Xie , Zishu He , Jun Tong , Tianle Liu , Jun Li , Jiangtao Xi

We compute asymptotic non-linear shrinkage formulas for covariance and precision matrix estimators for weighted sample covariances, and the joint sample-population eigenvector overlap distribution, in the spirit of Ledoit and P\'ech\'e. We…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2025-03-21 Benoit Oriol

Most current sampling algorithms for high-dimensional distributions are based on MCMC techniques and are approximate in the sense that they are valid only asymptotically. Rejection sampling, on the other hand, produces valid samples, but is…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2012-07-04 Marc Dymetman , Guillaume Bouchard , Simon Carter

We consider high-dimensional measurement errors with high-frequency data. Our objective is on recovering the high-dimensional cross-sectional covariance matrix of the random errors with optimality. In this problem, not all components of the…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2024-04-03 Jinyuan Chang , Qiao Hu , Cheng Liu , Cheng Yong Tang

We design and implement a novel algorithm for computing a multilevel Monte Carlo (MLMC) estimator of the cumulative distribution function of a quantity of interest in problems with random input parameters or initial conditions. Our approach…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2020-08-26 Søren Taverniers , Daniel M. Tartakovsky

Analytic evaluation of heteroskedasticity consistent covariance matrix estimates (HCCME) is difficult because of the complexity of the formulae currently available. We obtain new analytic formulae for the bias of a class of estimators of…

Methodology · Statistics 2014-05-06 Mumtaz Ahmed , Asad Zaman

We develop a data-driven optimal shrinkage algorithm for matrix denoising in the presence of high-dimensional noise with a separable covariance structure; that is, the noise is colored and dependent across samples. The algorithm, coined…

Applications · Statistics 2024-05-14 Pei-Chun Su , Hau-Tieng Wu

Multi-target linear shrinkage is an extension of the standard single-target linear shrinkage for covariance estimation. We combine several constant matrices - the targets - with the sample covariance matrix. We derive the oracle and a…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2025-03-13 Benoit Oriol