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We propose a framework for global-scale canopy height estimation based on satellite data. Our model leverages advanced data preprocessing techniques, resorts to a novel loss function designed to counter geolocation inaccuracies inherent in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-13 Jan Pauls , Max Zimmer , Una M. Kelly , Martin Schwartz , Sassan Saatchi , Philippe Ciais , Sebastian Pokutta , Martin Brandt , Fabian Gieseke

The worldwide variation in vegetation height is fundamental to the global carbon cycle and central to the functioning of ecosystems and their biodiversity. Geospatially explicit and, ideally, highly resolved information is required to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-04-19 Nico Lang , Walter Jetz , Konrad Schindler , Jan Dirk Wegner

Vegetation structure mapping is critical for understanding the global carbon cycle and monitoring nature-based approaches to climate adaptation and mitigation. Repeated measurements of these data allow for the observation of deforestation…

Accurate canopy height information is essential for quantifying forest carbon, monitoring restoration and degradation, and assessing habitat structure, yet high-fidelity measurements from airborne laser scanning (ALS) remain unevenly…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-09 John Brandt , Seungeun Yi , Jamie Tolan , Xinyuan Li , Peter Potapov , Jessica Ertel , Justine Spore , Huy V. Vo , Michaël Ramamonjisoa , Patrick Labatut , Piotr Bojanowski , Camille Couprie

With the rise in global greenhouse gas emissions, accurate large-scale tree canopy height maps are essential for understanding forest structure, estimating above-ground biomass, and monitoring ecological disruptions. To this end, we present…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-13 Jan Pauls , Max Zimmer , Berkant Turan , Sassan Saatchi , Philippe Ciais , Sebastian Pokutta , Fabian Gieseke

Estimating canopy height and its changes at meter resolution from satellite imagery is a significant challenge in computer vision with critical environmental applications. However, the lack of open-access datasets at this resolution hinders…

We have developed the world's first canopy height map of the distribution area of world-level giant trees. This mapping is crucial for discovering more individual and community world-level giant trees, and for analyzing and quantifying the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-24 Guangpeng Fan , Fei Yan , Xiangquan Zeng , Qingtao Xu , Ruoyoulan Wang , Binghong Zhang , Jialing Zhou , Liangliang Nan , Jinhu Wang , Zhiwei Zhang , Jia Wang

Information on urban tree canopies is fundamental to mitigating climate change [1] as well as improving quality of life [2]. Urban tree planting initiatives face a lack of up-to-date data about the horizontal and vertical dimensions of the…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-12-13 John Francis , Stephen Law

High-resolution mapping of canopy height is essential for forest management and biodiversity monitoring. Although recent studies have led to the advent of deep learning methods using satellite imagery to predict height maps, these…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-26 Thomas Boudras , Martin Schwartz , Rasmus Fensholt , Martin Brandt , Ibrahim Fayad , Jean-Pierre Wigneron , Gabriel Belouze , Fajwel Fogel , Philippe Ciais

The increasing demand for commodities is leading to changes in land use worldwide. In the tropics, deforestation, which causes high carbon emissions and threatens biodiversity, is often linked to agricultural expansion. While the need for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-07-16 Nico Lang , Konrad Schindler , Jan Dirk Wegner

Scattered trees outside of dense, closed-canopy forests are very important for carbon sequestration, supporting livelihoods, maintaining ecosystem integrity, and climate change adaptation and mitigation. In contrast to trees inside of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-02-03 John Brandt , Fred Stolle

Mangroves are critical for climate-change mitigation, requiring reliable monitoring for effective conservation. While deep learning has emerged as a powerful tool for mangrove detection, its progress is hindered by the limitations of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Junhyuk Heo , Beomkyu Choi , Hyunjin Shin , Darongsae Kwon

Sentinel-2 multi-spectral images collected over periods of several months were used to estimate vegetation height for Gabon and Switzerland. A deep convolutional neural network (CNN) was trained to extract suitable spectral and textural…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-08-15 Nico Lang , Konrad Schindler , Jan Dirk Wegner

Accurate tree height estimation is vital for ecological monitoring and biomass assessment. We apply quantile regression to existing tree height estimation models based on satellite data to incorporate uncertainty quantification. Most…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-09 Karsten Schrödter , Jan Pauls , Fabian Gieseke

Estimating global tree canopy height is crucial for forest conservation and climate change applications. However, capturing high-resolution ground truth canopy height using LiDAR is expensive and not available globally. An efficient…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Daniele Rege Cambrin , Isaac Corley , Paolo Garza

The goal of this research is to provide high resolution local, regional, national and global estimates of annual mangrove forest area from 2000 through to 2012. To achieve this we synthesize the Global Forest Change database, the…

Geophysics · Physics 2016-03-24 Stuart Hamilton , Daniel Casey

Large-scale, high-resolution forest canopy height mapping plays a crucial role in understanding regional and global carbon and water cycles. Spaceborne LiDAR missions, including the Ice, Cloud, and Land Elevation Satellite-2 (ICESat-2) and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Yongkang Lai , Xihan Mu , Dasheng Fan , Donghui Xie , Shanxin Guo , Wenli Huang , Tianjie Zhao , Guangjian Yan

While advances in machine learning with satellite imagery (SatML) are facilitating environmental monitoring at a global scale, developing SatML models that are accurate and useful for local regions remains critical to understanding and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-22 Esther Rolf , Lucia Gordon , Milind Tambe , Andrew Davies

Effective management of agricultural landscapes is critical for meeting global biodiversity targets, but efforts are hampered by the absence of detailed, large-scale ecological maps. To address this, we introduce Farmscapes, the first…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-17 Michelangelo Conserva , Alex Wilson , Charlotte Stanton , Vishal Batchu , Varun Gulshan

NASA's Global Ecosystem Dynamics Investigation (GEDI) is a key climate mission whose goal is to advance our understanding of the role of forests in the global carbon cycle. While GEDI is the first space-based LIDAR explicitly optimized to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-05 Nico Lang , Nikolai Kalischek , John Armston , Konrad Schindler , Ralph Dubayah , Jan Dirk Wegner
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