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Network protocols are programs with inputs and outputs that follow predefined communication patterns to synchronize and exchange information. There are many protocols and each serves a different purpose, e.g., routing, transport, secure…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Max von Hippel

Due to the complex nature of mobile communication systems, most of the security efforts in its domain are isolated and scattered across underlying technologies. This has resulted in an obscure view of the overall security. In this work, we…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-05-12 Siddharth Prakash Rao , Silke Holtmanns , Tuomas Aura

This paper introduces \textit{measurement trees}, a novel class of metrics designed to combine various constructs into an interpretable multi-level representation of a measurand. Unlike conventional metrics that yield single values,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-01 Craig Greenberg , Patrick Hall , Theodore Jensen , Kristen Greene , Razvan Amironesei

Reachability analysis is a powerful tool when it comes to capturing the behaviour, thus verifying the safety, of autonomous systems. However, general-purpose methods, such as Hamilton-Jacobi approaches, suffer from the curse of…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-10-27 Alessandro Alla , Peter M. Dower , Vincent Liu

A Behavior Tree (BT) is a way to structure the switching between different tasks in an autonomous agent, such as a robot or a virtual entity in a computer game. BTs are a very efficient way of creating complex systems that are both modular…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-10-26 Michele Colledanchise , Petter Ögren

In the theoretical study of distributed communication networks, "history trees" are a discrete structure that naturally models the concept that anonymous agents become distinguishable upon receiving different sets of messages from…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-07-02 Giovanni Viglietta

Recent advances in machine learning and artificial intelligence are now being considered in safety-critical autonomous systems where software defects may cause severe harm to humans and the environment. Design organizations in these domains…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-03-24 John Törnblom , Simin Nadjm-Tehrani

Nowadays, the Internet of Things (IoT) is widely employed, and its usage is growing exponentially because it facilitates remote monitoring, predictive maintenance, and data-driven decision making, especially in the healthcare and industrial…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Silvia Lucia Sanna , Diego Soi , Davide Maiorca , Giorgio Giacinto

Besides serving as prediction models, classification trees are useful for finding important predictor variables and identifying interesting subgroups in the data. These functions can be compromised by weak split selection algorithms that…

Applications · Statistics 2010-11-03 Wei-Yin Loh

Expressing attack-defence trees in a multi-agent setting allows for studying a new aspect of security scenarios, namely how the number of agents and their task assignment impact the performance, e.g. attack time, of strategies executed by…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2023-10-20 Jaime Arias , Carlos Olarte , Laure Petrucci , Łukasz Maśko , Wojciech Penczek , Teofil Sidoruk

This paper presents new graph-theoretic conditions for structural target controllability of directed networks. After reviewing existing conditions and highlighting some gaps in the literature, we introduce a new class of network systems,…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-04-25 Marco Peruzzo , Giacomo Baggio , Francesco Ticozzi

Network controllability robustness reflects how well a networked dynamical system can maintain its controllability against destructive attacks. This paper investigates the network controllability robustness from the perspective of a…

Physics and Society · Physics 2021-03-09 Yang Lou , Lin Wang , Guanrong Chen

The ADTool is free, open source software assisting graphical modeling and quantitative analysis of security, using attack-defense trees. The main features of the ADTool are easy creation, efficient editing, and automated bottom-up…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2013-06-12 Barbara Kordy , Piotr Kordy , Sjouke Mauw , Patrick Schweitzer

Security of computers and the networks that connect them is increasingly becoming of great significance. Intrusion detection system is one of the security defense tools for computer networks. This paper compares two different model…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2012-08-30 Heba Ezzat Ibrahim , Sherif M. Badr , Mohamed A. Shaheen

This paper proposes a framework for categorizing economic policies in a form of a tree taxonomy. The purpose of this approach is to construct an exhaustive and standardized list of actions that a governing authority has access to and can…

General Finance · Quantitative Finance 2025-07-08 Rem Sadykhov , Geoff Goodell , Philip Treleaven

Assessing network security is a complex and difficult task. Attack graphs have been proposed as a tool to help network administrators understand the potential weaknesses of their network. However, a problem has not yet been addressed by…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2013-06-21 Jorge Lucangeli Obes , Carlos Sarraute , Gerardo Richarte

We study the problem of formally verifying individual fairness of decision tree ensembles, as well as training tree models which maximize both accuracy and individual fairness. In our approach, fairness verification and fairness-aware…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-01-05 Francesco Ranzato , Caterina Urban , Marco Zanella

Web attacks, i.e. attacks exclusively using the HTTP protocol, are rapidly becoming one of the fundamental threats for information systems connected to the Internet. When the attacks suffered by web servers through the years are analyzed,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Gonzalo Alvarez , Slobodan Petrovic

Neural networks are increasingly deployed in real-world safety-critical domains such as autonomous driving, aircraft collision avoidance, and malware detection. However, these networks have been shown to often mispredict on inputs with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-11-09 Shiqi Wang , Kexin Pei , Justin Whitehouse , Junfeng Yang , Suman Jana

How does one verify that the output of a complicated program is correct? One can formally prove that the program is correct, but this may be beyond the power of existing methods. Alternatively one can check that the output produced for a…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2013-03-08 Loukas Georgiadis , Robert E. Tarjan