Related papers: Implications of a positive cosmological constant f…
We argue that, when coupled to Einstein's theory of gravity, the Yukawa theory may solve the cosmological constant problem in the following sense: The radiative corrections of fermions generate an effective potential for the scalar field,…
The current standard cosmological model is constructed within the framework of general relativity with a cosmological constant $\Lambda$, which is often associated with dark energy, and phenomenologically explains the accelerated cosmic…
The cosmological constant $\Lambda$ is a measure of the energy density of the vacuum. Therefore properties of the energy of the system in the metastable vacuum state reflect properties of $\Lambda = \Lambda(t)$. We analyze properties of the…
It is shown in Einstein gravity that the cosmological constant Lambda introduces a graviton mass m into the theory, a result that will be derived from the Regge-Wheeler-Zerilli problem for a particle falling onto a Kottler-Schwarzschild…
Consider compact objects --such as neutron star or black hole binaries-- in \emph{full, non-linear} general relativity. In the case with zero cosmological constant $\Lambda$, the gravitational radiation emitted by such systems is described…
There are now evidences that the cosmological constant $\Lambda$ has a non-zero positive value. Alternative scenarios to a pure cosmological constant model are provided by quintessence, an effective negative pressure fluid permeating the…
We show that in the framework of the classical general relativity the presence of a positive cosmological constant implies the existence of a minimal mass and of a minimal density in nature. These results rigorously follow from the…
Within conventional big bang cosmology, it has proven to be very difficult to understand why today's cosmological constant is so small. In this paper, we show that a cyclic model of the universe can naturally incorporate a dynamical…
We derive new limits on the value of the cosmological constant, $\Lambda$, based on the Einstein bending of light by systems where the lens is a distant galaxy or a cluster of galaxies. We use an amended lens equation in which the…
We present a centennial review of the history of the term known as the cosmological constant. First introduced to the general theory of relativity by Einstein in 1917 in order to describe a universe that was assumed to be static, the term…
One hope to solve the cosmological constant problem is to identify a symmetry principle, based on which the cosmological constant can be reduced either to zero, or to a tiny value. Here, we note that requiring that the vacuum state is…
The $\Lambda$CDM framework offers a remarkably good description of our universe with a very small number of free parameters, which can be determined with high accuracy from currently available data. However, this does not mean that the…
Several recent papers have suggested that the cosmological constant Lambda directly influences the gravitational deflection of light. We place this problem in a cosmological context, deriving an expression for the linear potentials which…
In this paper, time variable cosmological constant, dubbed {\it age cosmological constant}, is investigated motivated by the fact: any cosmological length scale and time scale can introduce a cosmological constant or vacuum energy density…
We have considered a cosmological model with a phenomenological model for the cosmological constant of the form $\Lambda=\bt\fr{\ddot R}{R}$, $ \bt$ is a constant. For age parameter consistent with observational data the Universe must be…
We discuss a class of (local and non-local) theories of gravity that share same properties: i) they admit the Einstein spacetime with arbitrary cosmological constant as a solution; ii) the on-shell action of such a theory vanishes and iii)…
We consider a two-dimensional model of gravity with the cosmological constant as a dynamical variable. The effective cosmological constant is derived when the universe has no initial boundary. It turns out to be extremely small if the…
Einstein's field equations with variable gravitational and cosmological ``constant'' are considered in presence of perfect fluid for Bianchi type-I spacetime. Consequences of the four cases of the phenomenological decay of $\Lambda$ have…
The recent OPERA experiment of superluminal neutrinos has deep consequences in cosmology. In cosmology a fundamental constant is the cosmological constant. From observations one can estimate the effective cosmological constant…
A variety of observations indicate that the universe is dominated by dark energy with negative pressure, one possibility for which is a cosmological constant. If the dark energy is a cosmological constant, a fundamental question is: Why has…