Related papers: Wireless Optogenetic Nanonetworks: Device Model an…
Objective. Long-term potentiation (LTP) is a fundamental mechanism underlying learning and memory, yet its investigation at the network level in vitro remains challenging, particularly when optogenetic stimulation is used. The objective of…
Optical or electrical stimulation of neural circuits in mice during natural behavior is an important paradigm for studying brain function. Conventional systems for optogenetics and electrical microstimulation require tethers or large…
Optogenetics has emerged as a powerful tool for disease modeling, enabling precise control of cellular activities through light stimulation and providing a valuable insights into disease mechanisms and therapeutic possibilities. Innovative…
Optogenetics has emerged as an exciting tool for manipulating neural activity, which in turn, can modulate behavior in live organisms. However, detecting the response to the optical stimulation requires electrophysiology with physical…
Nanophotonics provides the ability to rapidly and precisely reconfigure light beams on a compact platform. Infrared nanophotonic devices are widely used in data communications to overcome traditional bandwidth limitations of electrical…
Objective: Optogenetic manipulations of excitable cells enable activating or silencing specific types of neurons. By expressing two types of exogenous proteins, a single neuron can be depolarized using light of one wavelength and…
Computational hardware designed to mimic biological neural networks holds the promise to resolve the drastically growing global energy demand of artificial intelligence. A wide variety of hardware concepts have been proposed, and among…
Neural networks have proven effective for solving many difficult computational problems. Implementing complex neural networks in software is very computationally expensive. To explore the limits of information processing, it will be…
To address these limitations of optogenetics, here we propose two new methods for optogenetic stimulation. The first is x-optogenetics, which uses visible light-emitting nanophosphors stimulated by focused x-rays. This idea is not new but…
Neural probes are in vivo invasive devices that combine electrophysiology and optogenetics to gain insight into how the brain operates, down to the single neuron and its network activity. Their integration of stimulation sites and sensors…
Over the past decade, techniques enabling bidirectional modulation of neuronal activity with single cell precision have rapidly advanced in the form of two-photon optogenetic stimulation. Unlike conventional electrophysiological approaches…
Recent developments in photonics include efficient nanoscale optoelectronic components and novel methods for sub-wavelength light manipulation. Here, we explore the potential offered by such devices as a substrate for neuromorphic…
Optogenetics is a new tool to study neuronal circuits that have been genetically modified to allow stimulation by flashes of light. We study recordings from single neurons within neural circuits under optogenetic stimulation. The data from…
Photonic Spiking Neural Networks (PSNN) composed of the co-integrated CMOS and photonic elements can offer low loss, low power, highly-parallel, and high-throughput computing for brain-inspired neuromorphic systems. In addition,…
In brain activity mapping experiments using optogenetics, patterned illumination is crucial for deterministic and localized stimulation of neurons. However, due to optical scattering in brain tissue, light-emitting implantable devices are…
Neural networks have been employed for a wide range of processing applications like image processing, motor control, object detection and many others. Living neural networks offer advantages of lower power consumption, faster processing,…
Neurons with internal memory have been proposed for biological and bio-inspired neural networks, adding interesting functionality. We propose and model a nanoscale optoelectronic neural node with charge-based time-limited memory and signal…
We designed, prototyped, and experimentally demonstrated, for the first time to our knowledge, an optoelectronic spiking neuron inspired by the Izhikevich model incorporating both excitatory and inhibitory optical spiking inputs and…
The design of neural hardware is informed by the prominence of differentiated processing and information integration in cognitive systems. The central role of communication leads to the principal assumption of the hardware platform: signals…
Targeted light delivery into biological tissue is needed in applications such as optogenetic stimulation of the brain and in vivo functional or structural imaging of tissue. These applications require very compact, soft, and flexible…