Related papers: Shadows of a Closed Curve

In terms of Turaev's shadows, we provide a sufficient condition for a compact, smooth, acyclic 4-manifold with boundary the 3-sphere to be diffeomorphic to the standard 4-ball. As a consequence, we prove that if a compact, smooth, acyclic…

We call that a vector field has the oriented shadowing property if for any $\varepsilon>0$ there is $d>0$ such that each $d$-pseudo orbit is $\varepsilon$-oriented shadowed by some real orbit. In this paper, we show that the $C^1$-interior…

We study the geometry of the Thurston metric on Teichmuller space by examining its geodesics and comparing them to Teichmuller geodesics. We show that, similar to a Teichmuller geodesic, the shadow of a Thurston geodesic to the curve graph…

A beyond Horndeski theory is considered that admits wormholes, black holes and naked singularities. In this theory the shadow images of the black holes and the exotic compact objects (ECOs), illuminated by an optically and geometrically…

We study the simplex method over polyhedra satisfying certain "discrete curvature" lower bounds, which enforce that the boundary always meets vertices at sharp angles. Motivated by linear programs with totally unimodular constraint…

This paper is an attempt to apply the tools of supergeometry to arithmetic. Supergeometric objects are defined over supercommutative rings of coefficients, and we consider an integral ring with exactly two odd variables. In this case the…

We prove a discrete analog of a certain four-vertex theorem for space curves. The smooth case goes back to the work of Beniamino Segre and states that a closed and smooth curve whose tangent indicatrix has no self-intersections admits at…

Shadows of multi-black holes have structures distinct from the mere superposition of the shadow of a single black hole: the eyebrow-like structures outside the main shadows and the deformation of the shadows. We present analytic estimates…

A rack shadow is a set X with a rack action by a rack R, analogous to a vector space over a field. We use shadow colorings of classical link diagrams to define enhanced rack counting invariants and show that the enhanced invariants are…

We consider several natural sets of curves associated to a given Teichm\"uller disc, such as the systole set or cylinder set, and study their coarse geometry inside the curve graph. We prove that these sets are quasiconvex and agree up to…

By considering a spatial curve in a Euclidean space, we use its components, together with attaining a cyclic matrix, to show that this matrix is homothetic too and is in correspondence with a homothetic motion. Furthermore, if the curve…

Shifts of finite type and the notion of shadowing, or pseudo-orbit tracing, are powerful tools in the study of dynamical systems. In this paper we prove that there is a deep and fundamental relationship between these two concepts. Let $X$…

We describe the dynamical formation of the shadow of a collapsing star in a Hayward spacetime in terms of an observer far away from the center and a free falling observer. By solving the time-like and light-like radial geodesics we…

Spectrahedral shadows are projections of linear sections of the cone of positive semidefinite matrices. We characterize the polynomials that vanish on the boundaries of these convex sets when both the section and the projection are generic.

In this work, taking the QED effect into account, we investigate the shadows of the static black hole with magnetic monopoles and neutral black holes in magnetic fields through the numerical backward ray-tracing method. For a static black…

We prove a topological rigidity theorem for closed hypersurfaces of the Euclidean sphere and of an elliptic space form. It asserts that, under a lower bound hypothesis on the absolute value of the principal curvatures, the hypersurface is…

In this expository paper we present some ideas of algebraic topology (more precisely, of homology theory) in a language accessible to non-specialists in the area. A $1$-cycle in a graph is a set $C$ of edges such that every vertex is…

For any continuous self-map of a compact metric space, we consider the space of chain components and prove that the s-limit shadowing implies the denseness of chain components with the shadowing property. It gives a partial answer to a…

We address various notions of shadowing and expansivity for continuous maps restricted to a proper subset of their domain. We prove new equivalences of shadowing and expansive properties, we demonstrate under what conditions certain…

The main goal of the paper is to solve some problems about shadow for the sphere generalized on the case of the ellipsoid. Here, the essence of the problem is to find the the minimal number of non-overlapping balls with centers on the…