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The SIR model is a three-compartment model of the time development of an epidemic. After normalizing the dependent variables, the model is a system of two non-linear differential equations for the susceptible proportion $S$ and the infected…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2021-04-27 William G. Faris

With an ever evolving cyber domain, delays in reporting incidents are a well-known problem in the cyber insurance industry. Addressing this problem is a requisite to obtaining the true picture of cyber incident rates and to model it…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-02-04 Seema Sangari , Eric Dallal

Modern industrial systems face a growing threat from sophisticated cyberattacks that can cause significant operational disruptions. This work presents a novel methodology for identification of the most critical cyberattacks that may disrupt…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-05-31 Bruno Paes Leao , Jagannadh Vempati , Siddharth Bhela , Tobias Ahlgrim , Daniel Arnold

Information technology and telecommunications have rapidly permeated various domains, resulting in a significant influx of data traversing the networks between computers. Consequently, research of cyberattacks in computer systems has become…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-07-03 Ruochen Wu

Cyber insurance is a complementary mechanism to further reduce the financial impact on the systems after their effort in defending against cyber attacks and implementing resilience mechanism to maintain the system-level operator even though…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-12-06 Shutian Liu , Quanyan Zhu

We consider the SIR model and study the first time the number of infected individuals begins to decrease and the first time this population is below a given threshold. We interpret these times as functions of the initial susceptible and…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2020-09-23 Ryan Hynd , Dennis Ikpe , Terrance Pendleton

We consider the problem of identifying an infection source based only on an observed set of infected nodes in a network, assuming that the infection process follows a Susceptible-Infected-Susceptible (SIS) model. We derive an estimator…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2013-09-17 Wuqiong Luo , Wee Peng Tay

In this work we start walking the path to a new perspective for viewing cyberwarfare scenarios, by introducing conceptual tools (a formal model) to evaluate the costs of an attack, to describe the theater of operations, targets, missions,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2010-06-11 Ariel Futoransky , Luciano Notarfrancesco , Gerardo Richarte , Carlos Sarraute

We present a modified \emph{susceptible-infected-susceptible} (SIS) model on complex networks, small-world and scale-free, to study epidemic spreading with the effect of time delay which is introduced to the infected phase. Considering the…

Physics and Society · Physics 2009-11-11 Xin-Jian Xu , Hai-Ou Peng , Xiao-Mei Wang , Ying-Hai Wang

A model of the spread of viruses in selected city and in a network of cities is considered, taking into account the delay caused by the long incubation period of the virus. The effect of delay effects is shown in comparison with pandemics…

Other Quantitative Biology · Quantitative Biology 2020-05-05 P. A. Golovinski

Infectious diseases are caused by pathogenic microorganisms and can spread through different ways. Mathematical models and computational simulation have been used extensively to investigate the transmission and spread of infectious…

This document aims to estimate and describe the effects of the social distancing measures implemented in several countries with the expectancy of controlling the spread of COVID-19. The procedure relies on the classic…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2021-06-28 Gerardo L. Febres

Internet users such as individuals and organizations are subject to different types of epidemic risks such as worms, viruses, spams, and botnets. To reduce the probability of risk, an Internet user generally invests in traditional security…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2011-03-09 Ranjan Pal , Leana Golubchik

We review recent progress made in analyzing the spread of viruses and bugs in the internet. We describe how the use of a model that takes into account the complex inhomogeneity of the internet and its self organizing characteristics can…

Physics and Society · Physics 2011-06-07 Swarbhanu Chatterjee

The increasing value of data held in enterprises makes it an attractive target to attackers. The increasing likelihood and impact of a cyber attack have highlighted the importance of effective cyber risk estimation. We propose two methods…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-04-23 Raisa Dzhamtyrova , Carsten Maple

In recent times we hear increasingly often about cyber attacks on various commercial and strategic sites that manage to escape any defense. In this article, we model such attacks on networks via stochastic processes and predict the time of…

Probability · Mathematics 2019-01-23 Jewgeni H. Dshalalow , Ryan T. White

In this paper, we introduce the SDIR (Susceptible-Delayable-Infected-Recovered) model, an extension of the classical SIR epidemic framework, to provide a more explicit characterization of user behavior in online social networks. The newly…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2025-12-04 Tran Van Khanh , Do Xuan Cho , Hoang Phi Dung

The Susceptible-Infectious-Recovered (SIR) model is the canonical model of epidemics of infections that make people immune upon recovery. Many of the open questions in computational epidemiology concern the underlying contact structure's…

Physics and Society · Physics 2021-06-09 Petter Holme

The viral load is known to be a chief predictor of the risk of transmission of infectious diseases. In this work, we investigate the role of the individuals' viral load in the disease transmission by proposing a new…

Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems · Physics 2023-03-29 Rossella Della Marca , Nadia Loy , Andrea Tosin

Facing the lack of cyber insurance loss data, we propose an innovative approach for pricing cyber insurance for a large-scale network based on synthetic data. The synthetic data is generated by the proposed risk spreading and recovering…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2020-07-02 Lei Hua , Maochao Xu