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Related papers: The Quantum Null Energy Condition in Curved Space

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We prove the Quantum Null Energy Condition (QNEC), a lower bound on the stress tensor in terms of the second variation in a null direction of the entropy of a region. The QNEC arose previously as a consequence of the Quantum Focussing…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2016-01-20 Raphael Bousso , Zachary Fisher , Jason Koeller , Stefan Leichenauer , Aron C. Wall

The quantum null energy condition (QNEC) is a quantum generalization of the null energy condition which gives a lower bound on the null energy in terms of the second derivative of the von Neumann entropy or entanglement entropy of some…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2020-03-30 Taha A Malik , Rafael Lopez-Mobilia

The quantum null energy condition (QNEC) is a conjectured relation between a null version of quantum field theory energy and derivatives of quantum field theory von Neumann entropy. In some cases, divergences cancel between these two terms…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2018-02-21 Zicao Fu , Donald Marolf

The quantum null energy condition (QNEC) is the only known consistent local energy condition in quantum theories. Contrary to the classical energy condition which are known to be violated in QFT, QNEC is a consequence of the quantum…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2020-09-16 Philipp Stanzer

The Quantum Null Energy Condition (QNEC) is a new local energy condition that a general Quantum Field Theory (QFT) is believed to satisfy, relating the classical null energy condition (NEC) to the second functional derivative of the…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2018-07-04 Christian Ecker , Daniel Grumiller , Wilke van der Schee , Philipp Stanzer

We use holography to prove the Quantum Null Energy Condition (QNEC) at leading order in large-$N$ for CFTs and relevant deformations of CFTs in Minkowski space which have Einstein gravity duals. Given any codimension-2 surface $\Sigma$…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2016-07-20 Jason Koeller , Stefan Leichenauer

The Quantum Null Energy Condition (QNEC) is a lower bound on the stress-energy tensor in quantum field theory that has been proved quite generally. It can equivalently be phrased as a positivity condition on the second null shape derivative…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2021-02-03 Mudassir Moosa , Pratik Rath , Vincent Paul Su

The Averaged Null Energy Condition (ANEC) states that the integral along a complete null geodesic of the projection of the stress-energy tensor onto the tangent vector to the geodesic cannot be negative. ANEC can be used to rule out…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-07-23 Eleni-Alexandra Kontou

We investigate the quantum null energy condition (QNEC) in holographic CFTs, focusing on half-spaces and particular classes of states. We present direct, and in certain cases nonperturbative, calculations for both the diagonal and off-…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2018-09-26 Zuhair U. Khandker , Sandipan Kundu , Daliang Li

The Averaged Null Energy Condition (ANEC) states that the integral along a complete null geodesic of the projection of the stress-energy tensor onto the tangent vector to the geodesic cannot be negative. Exotic spacetimes, such as those…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2013-03-14 Eleni-Alexandra Kontou , Ken D. Olum

The Improved Quantum Null Energy Condition (INEC) was recently derived from the (restricted) quantum focusing conjecture (QFC), and is a statement about the energy-momentum tensor (EMT) of field theories in Minkowski space-time. It is a…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2026-01-28 Ido Ben-Dayan , Ayushi Srivastava

The quantum null energy condition (QNEC) is a lower bound on the expectation value of the null-null component of the energy-momentum tensor in terms of null variations of the entanglement entropy. A stronger version of the QNEC (the primary…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2025-06-17 Tanay Kibe , Pratik Roy

We prove a conjectured lower bound on $\left< T_{--}(x) \right>_\psi$ in any state $\psi$ of a relativistic QFT dubbed the Quantum Null Energy Condition (QNEC). The bound is given by the second order shape deformation, in the null…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2020-03-04 Srivatsan Balakrishnan , Thomas Faulkner , Zuhair U. Khandker , Huajia Wang

Quantum inequalities are constraints on how negative the weighted average of the renormalized stress-energy tensor of a quantum field can be. A null-projected quantum inequality can be used to prove the averaged null energy condition…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-12-16 Eleni-Alexandra Kontou , Ken D. Olum

We examine the quantum null energy condition (QNEC) for a $2+1$-dimensional conformal field theory (CFT) at strong coupling in the background of a wormhole spacetime by employing the AdS/CFT correspondence. First, we numerically construct a…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2019-01-14 Akihiro Ishibashi , Kengo Maeda , Eric Mefford

The Quantum Null Energy Condition (QNEC) relates energy to the second variation of entropy in relativistic quantum field theory. We use the QNEC inequality to bound entanglement entropy in quenches. At early times the entanglement entropy…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2019-09-04 Márk Mezei , Julio Virrueta

Recently, Larry Ford and Tom Roman have discovered that in a flat cylindrical space, although the stress-energy tensor itself fails to satisfy the averaged null energy condition (ANEC) along the (non-achronal) null geodesics, when the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-10-22 Ulvi Yurtsever

The averaged null energy condition (ANEC) requires that the integral over a complete null geodesic of the stress-energy tensor projected onto the geodesic tangent vector is never negative. This condition is sufficient to prove many…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-11-26 Noah Graham , Ken D. Olum

The null energy condition (NEC), an important assumption of the Penrose singularity theorem, is violated by quantum fields. The natural generalization of the NEC in quantum field theory, the renormalized null energy averaged over a finite…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2021-11-11 Jackson R. Fliss , Ben Freivogel , Eleni-Alexandra Kontou

The Averaged Null Energy Condition (ANEC) requires that the average along a complete null geodesic of the projection of the stress-energy tensor onto the geodesic tangent vector can never be negative. It is sufficient to rule out many…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-11-26 Christopher J. Fewster , Ken D. Olum , Michael J. Pfenning
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