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As an increasingly powerful technique in integrated photonics, inverse design uses optimization algorithms to automatically create compact, high-performance photonic structures, often yielding non-intuitive layouts far more compact than…
Future laser-interferometric gravitational wave detectors (GWDs) will potentially employ test mass mirrors from crystalline silicon and a laser wavelength of $1550\,\rm{nm}$, which corresponds to a photon energy below the silicon bandgap.…
The Optical Properties of Astronomical Silicates with Infrared Techniques (OPASI-T) program utilizes multiple instruments to provide spectral data over a wide range of temperature and wavelengths. Experimental methods include Vector Network…
We report a weighing metrology experiment of a single silica microsphere optically trapped and immersed in air. Based on fluctuations about thermal equilibrium, three different mass measurements are investigated, each arising from one of…
Optical frequency combs represent a revolutionary technology for high precision spectroscopy due to their narrow linewidths and precise frequency spacing. Generation of such combs in the mid-infrared (IR) spectral region (2-20 um) is of…
High-precision laser interferometric instruments require optical surfaces with a close to perfect contour, as well as low scattering and absorption. Especially point absorbers are problematic because they heat up at high optical intensities…
Understanding the grain morphology, orientation distribution, and crystal structure of nanocrystals is essential for optimizing the mechanical and physical properties of functional materials. Synchrotron X-ray Laue microdiffraction is a…
An optical absorption spectrum constitutes one of the most fundamental material characteristics, with relevant applications ranging from material identification to energy harvesting and optoelectronics. However, the database of both…
Magnetic fields play important roles in many astrophysical processes. However, there is no universal diagnostic for the magnetic fields in the interstellar medium (ISM) and each magnetic tracer has its limitation. Any new detection method…
Sensitive measurements of the linearly polarized spectra of stars can be used to deduce geometric properties of their otherwise unresolved circumstellar environments. This paper describes some of the evidence for optical pumping and…
Hyperspectral imaging (HSI) is an advanced sensing modality that simultaneously captures spatial and spectral information, enabling non-invasive, label-free analysis of material, chemical, and biological properties. This Primer presents a…
To help address the need for predicting radiative heat transfer (RHT) behavior of molten salts, we conducted a comprehensive review of methods and data from infrared optical spectroscopic measurements on molten fluoride salts.…
Matching a target spectrum with known spectra in a spectral library is a common method for material identification in hyperspectral imaging research. Hyperspectral spectra exhibit precise absorption features across different wavelength…
Mid-infrared spectroscopy enables biochemical sensing by identifying vibrational molecular fingerprints, but it faces limitations in instrumentation portability and analytical sensitivity. Optical metasurfaces with strong mid-IR photonic…
We report on simulations and measurements of the optical absorption of silicon nanowires (NWs) versus their diameter. We first address the simulation of the optical absorption based on two different theoretical methods : the first one,…
We consider high-frequency local vibrations anharmonically coupled with low-frequency modes in a planar lattice of adsorbed molecules. The effect of lateral intermolecular interactions on the spectral line shape for local vibrations is…
The correct reconstruction of individual (crossing) nerve fibers is a prerequisite when constructing a detailed network model of the brain. The recently developed technique Scattered Light Imaging (SLI) allows the reconstruction of crossing…
Microwave energy can be advantageously used for materials processing as it provides high heating rates and homogeneous temperature field distribution. These features are partly due to the large microwave penetration depth into dielectric…
Imaging of optical Galactic cirrus, the spatially resolved form of diffuse Galactic light, provides important insights into the properties of the diffuse interstellar medium (ISM) in the Milky Way. While previous investigations have focused…
To investigate the anisotropic properties of biomaterials, two distinct classes are considered: polymer-based (e.g., cellulose in plants) and crystalline-based (e.g., enamel in teeth), each demonstrating distinct structural and functional…