Related papers: Photon mass via current confinement

According to the atomic principle an elementary particle has no excited states and under any interaction, if it is not annihilated, its internal structure cannot be modified. The intrinsic properties are the mass $m$ and the absolute value…

The modification of the quantum properties of coherence of photons through their interaction with matter lies at the heart of the quantum theory of light. Indeed, the absorption and emission of photons by atoms can lead to different kinds…

High-dimensional quantum entanglement in photons offers notable technological advancements over traditional qubit-based systems, including increased information density and enhanced security. However, such high-dimensional states are…

The symmetry studies of Maxwell equations gave new insight on the nature of electromagnetic (EM) field. Tey are reviewed in the work presented. It is drawing the attention on the following aspects. EM-field has in general case quaternion…

Neutrinos can gain mass from coupling to an ultralight field in slow roll. When such a field is displaced from its minimum, its vev acts just like the Higgs vev in spontaneous symmetry breaking. Although these masses may eventually vanish,…

In this paper is presented a simple alternative model of the dual nature of light, based on the deliberate inversion of the original statement from P. A. M. Dirac: "Each photon interferes only with itself. Interference between different…

The evidence is that the mass of the universe is dominated by an exotic nonbaryonic form of matter largely draped around the galaxies. It approximates an initially low pressure gas of particles that interact only with gravity, but we know…

In this study, a novel theory to investigate the mass oscillation of particles is proposed. It has been proven that, at high-energy conditions, the fermion field described by Dirac Lagrangian interacts with the half-integer spin tachyon…

Periodically driven systems can host many interesting and intriguing phenomena. The irradiated two-dimensional Dirac systems, driven by circularly polarized light, are the most attractive thanks to intuitive physical view of the absorption…

Detailed physical processes of magnetic field generation from density fluctuations in the pre-recombination era are studied. Solving Maxwell equations and the generalized Ohm's law, the evolutions of the net charge density, the electric…

It is shown that the electric current of massive fermions along the external magnetic field can be excited in the case when particles possess anomalous magnetic moments and electroweakly interact with background matter. This current is…

We present a complete set of transverse momentum dependent and collinear parton densities including the photon over a wide phase space. The photon density appears when evolving parton distributions with QED corrections. The photons are…

The axion photon system in an external magnetic field, when the direction of propagation of axions and photons is orthogonal to the direction of the external magnetic field, displays a continuous axion-photon duality symmetry in the limit…

The symmetry studies of Maxwell equations gave new insight on the nature of electromagnetic (EM) field. It has in general case quaternion single structure, consisting of four independent field constituents, which differ with each other by…

The possibility that around some astrophysical objects there are non-static magnetic fields of enormous intensity suggests that in these situations real particles may be produced. The slowness of the variation is compensated by the huge…

We consider the quantum field theory for a scalar model of the electromagnetic field interacting with a system of two-level atoms. In this setting, we show that it is possible to uniquely determine the density of atoms from measurements of…

Einstein's unified field theory is extended by the addition of matter terms in the form of a symmetric energy tensor and of two conserved currents. From the field equations and from the conservation identities emerges the picture of a…

This paper has been withdrawn by the authors. Please see [arXiv:1208.3224]. We investigate a model where dark energy is caused by the photon field coupling to gravitation. The cosmological background expectation value of the electromagnetic…

A fraction of energy is theoretically predicted to be captured from electromagnetic field to form a gravitating mass, when a low-mass charged particle enters the strong field from a region of no electromagnetism. In this paper the mass…

We compute the photon creation inside a perfectly conducting, three dimensional oscillating cavity, taking the polarization of the electromagnetic field into account. As the boundary conditions for this field are both of Dirichlet and…