Related papers: Photon mass via current confinement
The carrier or medium of electromagnetic waves has been vainly searched for many years, and now it has been caught after the establishment of the dynamic equations in photon gas. The photon's rest mass has been estimated from the cosmic…
The quantization of the electromagnetic field in vacuum is presented without reference to lagrangean quantum field theory. The equal time commutators of the fields are calculated from basic principles. A physical discussion of the…
Dirac energy-dispersions are responsible of the extraordinary transport properties of graphene. This motivated the quest for engineering such energy dispersions also in photonics, where they have been predicted to lead to many exciting…
In 2+1 dimensions there exists a duality between a charged Dirac particle coupled minimally to a background vector potential and a neutral one coupled nonminimally to a background electromagnetic field strength. A constant uniform…
Classical Electrodynamics is not a consistent theory because of its field inadequate behaviour in the vicinity of their sources. Its problems with the electron equation of motion and with non-integrable singularity of the electron self…
In terms of a photon wave function corresponding to the (1, 0)+(0, 1) representation of the Lorentz group, the radiation and Coulomb fields within a source-free region can be described unitedly by a Lorentz-covariant Dirac-like equation. In…
The construction of an alternative electromagnetic theory that preserves Lorentz and gauge symmetries, is considered. We start off by building up Maxwell electrodynamics in (3+1)D from the assumption that the associated Lagrangian is a…
We study a massless Dirac field subjected to two alternative boundary conditions on two parallel thin walls, in d + 1 dimensions. The two configurations correspond to the system being even or odd under reflection about the midplane between…
Spontaneous emission of a photon by an atom is described theoretically in three dimensions with the initial wave function of a finite-mass atom taken in the form of a finite-size wave packet. Recoil and wave-packet spreading are taken into…
In this work I show by a first principles calculation that quantum states describing massive relativistic free spinning particles obey kinematical conditions whose origin can be traced to parity as a good quantum number. These conditions…
The dark photon is a new gauge boson whose existence has been conjectured. It is dark because it arises from a symmetry of a hypothetical dark sector comprising particles completely neutral under the Standard Model interactions. Dark though…
Three massless limits of the Dirac-Kahler theory are considered. It is shown that the Dirac-Kahler equation for massive particles can be represented as a result of the gauge-invariant mixture (topological interaction) of the above massless…
Photon-photon scattering, due to photons interacting with virtual electron-positron pairs, is an intriguing deviation from classical electromagnetism predicted by quantum electrodynamics (QED). Apart from being of fundamental interest in…
The detection of massless kinetically-mixed dark photons is notoriously difficult, as the effect of this mixing can be removed by a field redefinition in vacuum. In this work, we study the prospect of detecting massless dark photons in the…
We analyze there is a relation between fossil charge and the mass of photon based on Chkareuli-Froggatt-Nielsen Theorem and Proca Lagrangian. As generally known, massive photon will lead to Lorentz non-invariance field theory.
We investigate in detail the problem of constructing magnetic monopole solutions within the finite-range electrodynamics (i.e., electrodynamics with non-zero photon mass, which is the simplest extension of the standard theory; it is fully…
Motivated by a revision of the classical equations of electromagnetism that allow for the inclusion of solitary waves in the solution space, the material collected in these notes examines the consequences of adopting the modified model in…
There suggested a modification of the Dirac electron theory, eliminating its mathematical incompleteness. The modified Dirac electron, called dual, is described by two waves, one of which is the Dirac wave and the second dynamically…
Based on the concept of extended particles recently introduced we perform a Gedankenexperiment accelerating single electrons with photons of suitably low frequency. Accounting for relativistic time dilation due to the acquired velocity and…
Two experiments were made using a microwave generator, which sent a narrow beam, through a metallic plate with horizontal movement. At the other end a horn antenna coupled to a field-strength detector. In linear polarization double cycloids…