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Mutually unbiased bases encapsulate the concept of complementarity - the impossibility of simultaneous knowledge of certain observables - in the formalism of quantum theory. Although this concept is at the heart of quantum mechanics, the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-01-19 Tomasz Paterek , Borivoje Dakic , Caslav Brukner

Unextendible product bases have been shown to have many important uses in quantum information theory, particularly in the qubit case. However, very little is known about their mathematical structure beyond three qubits. We present several…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-10-10 Nathaniel Johnston

An unextendible product basis (UPB) for a multipartite quantum system is an incomplete orthogonal product basis whose complementary subspace contains no product state. We give examples of UPBs, and show that the uniform mixed state over the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-10-31 C. H. Bennett , D. P. DiVincenzo , T. Mor , P. W. Shor , J. A. Smolin , B. M. Terhal

Mutually Unbiased Bases (MUBs) are closely connected with quantum physics, and the structure has a rich mathematical background. We provide equivalent criteria for extending a set of MUBs for $C^n$ by studying real points of a certain…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2025-07-04 Arindam Banerjee , Kanoy Kumar Das , Ajeet Kumar , Rakesh Kumar , Subhamoy Maitra

Mutually unbiased bases (MUB) are useful in a number of research areas. The symmetry of MUB is an elusive and interesting subject. A (complete set of) MUB in dimension $d$ is sharply covariant if it can be generated by a group of order…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-09-09 Huangjun Zhu

In this paper, we prove that the existence of a complete set of mutually unbiased bases (MUBs) in N-dimensional Hilbert space implies the existence of a complete set of mutually orthogonal Latin squares (MOLSs) of order N. In particular, we…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-26 Stefan Joka

Mutually unbiased bases (MUBs), which are such that the inner product between two vectors in different orthogonal bases is a constant equal to 1/sqrt{d), with d the dimension of the finite Hilbert space, are becoming more and more studied…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-11 M. Planat , H. C. Rosu

Constructing four six-dimensional mutually unbiased bases (MUBs) is an open problem in quantum physics and measurement. We investigate the existence of four MUBs including the identity, and a complex Hadamard matrix (CHM) of Schmidt rank…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-03-17 Mengyao Hu , Yize Sun , Lin Chen

The concept of mutually unbiased bases is studied for N pairs of continuous variables. To find mutually unbiased bases reduces, for specific states related to the Heisenberg-Weyl group, to a problem of symplectic geometry. Given a single…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-13 Stefan Weigert , Michael Wilkinson

We develop a strong connection between maximally commuting bases of orthogonal unitary matrices and mutually unbiased bases. A necessary condition of the existence of mutually unbiased bases for any finite dimension is obtained. Then a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Somshubhro Bandyopadhyay , P. Oscar Boykin , Vwani Roychowdhury , Farrokh Vatan

We investigate the number of real entries of an $n\times n$ complex Hadamard matrix (CHM). We analytically derive the numbers when $n=2,3,4,6$. In particular, the number can be any one of $0-22,24,25,26,30$ for $n=6$. We apply our result to…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2019-04-24 Mengfan Liang , Mengyao Hu , Yize Sun , Lin Chen

We report on a search for mutually unbiased bases (MUBs) in 6 dimensions. We find only triplets of MUBs, and thus do not come close to the theoretical upper bound 7. However, we point out that the natural habitat for sets of MUBs is the set…

The construction of multipartite unextendible product bases (UPBs) is a basic problem in quantum information. We respectively construct two families of $2\times2\times4$ and $2\times2\times2\times4$ UPBs of size eight by using the existing…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-01-18 Taiyu Zhang , Lin Chen

A set of mutually unbiased bases (MUBs) is said to be unextendible if there does not exist another basis that is unbiased with respect to the given set. Here, we prove the existence of smaller sets of MUBs in prime-squared dimensions…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-08-25 Vishakh Hegde , Prabha Mandayam

We describe sets of mutually unbiased bases (MUBs) for quantum states defined over the p-adic numbers Q_p, i.e. the states that can be described as elements of the (rigged) Hilbert space L2(Q_p). We find that for every prime p>2 there are…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-09-02 Wim van Dam , Alexander Russell

We give an entirely new approach to the problem of mutually unbiased bases (MUBs), based on a Fourier analytic technique in additive combinatorics. The method provides a short and elegant generalization of the fact that there are at most…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2010-09-14 Mate Matolcsi

Akin to the idea of complete sets of Mutually Unbiased Bases for prime dimensional Hilbert spaces, $\mathcal{H}_d$, we study its analogue for a $d$ dimensional subspace of $M (d,\mathbb{C})$, i.e. Mutually Unbiased Unitary Bases (MUUBs)…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-06-11 Rinie N. M. Nasir , Jesni Shamsul Shaari , Stefano Mancini

The 4-qubit unextendible product basis (UPB) has been recently studied by [Johnston, J. Phys. A: Math. Theor. 47 (2014) 424034]. From this result we show that there is only one UPB of size $6$ and six UPBs of size $9$ in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-10-23 Lin Chen , Kai Wang , Yi Shen , Yize Sun , Lijun Zhao

Based on maximally entangled states, we explore the constructions of mutually unbiased bases in bipartite quantum systems. We present a new way to construct mutually unbiased bases by difference matrices in the theory of combinatorial…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-10-05 Yajuan Zang , Zihong Tian , Hui-Juan Zuo , Shao-Ming Fei

We investigate correlations among complementary observables. In particular, we show how to take advantage of mutually unbiased bases (MUBs) for the efficient detection of entanglement in arbitrarily high-dimensional, multipartite and…