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On the one hand, Constraint Satisfaction Problems allow one to declaratively model problems. On the other hand, propositional satisfiability problem (SAT) solvers can handle huge SAT instances. We thus present a technique to declaratively…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2014-07-01 Frédéric Lardeux , Eric Monfroy , Broderick Crawford , Ricardo Soto

We present new methods for solving the Satisfiability Modulo Theories problem over the theory of Quantifier-Free Non-linear Integer Arithmetic, SMT(QF-NIA), which consists in deciding the satisfiability of ground formulas with integer…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2020-09-01 Cristina Borralleras , Daniel Larraz , Albert Oliveras , Enric Rodriguez-Carbonell , Albert Rubio

Satisfiability modulo theory (SMT) consists in testing the satisfiability of first-order formulas over linear integer or real arithmetic, or other theories. In this survey, we explain the combination of propositional satisfiability and…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2016-06-16 David Monniaux

Satisfiability Modulo Theory (SMT) solvers have advanced automated reasoning, solving complex formulas across discrete and continuous domains. Recent progress in propositional model counting motivates extending SMT capabilities toward model…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2026-03-02 Arijit Shaw , Kuldeep S. Meel

The combination of uninterpreted function symbols and universal quantification occurs in many applications of automated reasoning, for example, due to their ability to reason about arrays. Yet the satisfiability of such formulas is, in…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2026-02-19 Stefan Ratschan , Anggha Nugraha , Mikoláš Janota , Marek Dančo

Feature model configuration can be supported on the basis of various types of reasoning approaches. Examples thereof are SAT solving, constraint solving, and answer set programming (ASP). Using these approaches requires technical expertise…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-08-15 Alexander Felfernig , Viet-Man Le , Sebastian Lubos

A previously developed quantum search algorithm for solving 1-SAT problems in a single step is generalized to apply to a range of highly constrained k-SAT problems. We identify a bound on the number of clauses in satisfiability problems for…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2011-05-30 T. Hogg

Designing component-based constraint solvers is a complex problem. Some components are required, some are optional and there are interdependencies between the components. Because of this, previous approaches to solver design and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2011-10-31 Ian P. Gent , Chris Jefferson , Lars Kotthoff , Ian Miguel

Constraint problems can be trivially solved in parallel by exploring different branches of the search tree concurrently. Previous approaches have focused on implementing this functionality in the solver, more or less transparently to the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2010-08-26 Lars Kotthoff , Neil C. A. Moore

Formal reasoning about finite sets and cardinality is an important tool for many applications, including software verification, where very often one needs to reason about the size of a given data structure and not only about what its…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2021-10-06 Maximiliano Cristiá , Gianfranco Rossi

We present a general simplification of quantified SMT formulas using variable elimination. The simplification is based on an analysis of the ground terms occurring as arguments in function applications. We use this information to generate a…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2014-08-05 Aboubakr Achraf El Ghazi , Mattias Ulbrich , Mana Taghdiri , Mihai Herda

Constraint answer set programming integrates answer set programming with constraint processing. System EZSMT+ is a constraint answer set programming tool that utilizes satisfiability modulo theory solvers for search. Its theoretical…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2019-06-04 Da Shen , Yuliya Lierler

Satisfiability Modulo Theories (SMT) and SAT solvers are critical components in many formal software tools, primarily due to the fact that they are able to easily solve logical problem instances with millions of variables and clauses. This…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2021-09-06 Gereon Kremer , Erika Abraham , Vijay Ganesh

Solving nonlinear SMT problems over real numbers has wide applications in robotics and AI. While significant progress is made in solving quantifier-free SMT formulas in the domain, quantified formulas have been much less investigated. We…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2018-07-24 Soonho Kong , Armando Solar-Lezama , Sicun Gao

Solving constraints involving inductive (aka recursive) definitions is challenging. State-of-the-art SMT/CHC solvers and first-order logic provers provide only limited support for solving such constraints, especially when they involve,…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2026-03-13 Weizhi Feng , Shidong Shen , Jiaxiang Liu , Taolue Chen , Fu Song , Zhilin Wu

We consider the decision problem for quantifier-free formulas whose atoms are linear inequalities interpreted over the reals or rationals. This problem may be decided using satisfiability modulo theory (SMT), using a mixture of a SAT solver…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2009-04-23 David Monniaux

Propositional bounded model checking has been applied successfully to verify embedded software but is limited by the increasing propositional formula size and the loss of structure during the translation. These limitations can be reduced by…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2009-07-14 Lucas Cordeiro , Bernd Fischer , Joao Marques-Silva

Machine learning is a thriving part of computer science. There are many efficient approaches to machine learning that do not provide strong theoretical guarantees, and a beautiful general learning theory. Unfortunately, machine learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-09-12 Charles Jordan , Łukasz Kaiser

We use SMT technology to address a class of problems involving uninterpreted functions and nonlinear real arithmetic. In particular, we focus on problems commonly found in mathematical competitions, such as the International Mathematical…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2025-07-10 Chad E. Brown , Karel Chvalovský , Mikoláš Janota , Mirek Olšák , Stefan Ratschan

Bounded model finding is a key technique for validating software designs, usually obtained by translating high-level specifications into SAT/SMT problems. Although effective, such translations introduce a semantic gap and a dependency on…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Artur Boronat