English
Related papers

Related papers: Particle Acceleration in Pulsar Wind Nebulae: PIC …

200 papers

Guitar nebula is a prime example of a class of bow-shock pulsar wind nebulae (PWNe), powered by a wind of a supersonically moving neutron star. Bow-shock PWNe can probe particle acceleration processes in relativistic pulsar winds, as well…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2026-05-14 Igor Nikolaevich Nikonorov , Maxim Vladimirovich Barkov , Maxim Lyutikov

There is growing evidence from gamma-ray observations at high and very high energies that particle escape is a key aspect shaping the morphological properties of pulsar wind nebulae (PWNe) at various evolutionary stages. We aim to provide a…

We investigate electron acceleration resulting from 3D magnetic reconnection between an emerging, twisted magnetic flux rope and a pre-existing weak, open magnetic field. We first follow the rise of an unstable, twisted flux tube with a…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2012-11-07 G. Baumann , Å. Nordlund

Pulsar wind nebulae (PWNe) are prominent sources in the very-high energy (VHE) gamma-ray sky, constituting the most numerous identified source class in the H.E.S.S. Galactic Plane Survey (HGPS). They are comprised of energetic particles…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-10-07 Katharina Egg , Alison M. W. Mitchell

The filamentation instability driven by two spatially uniform and counter-streaming beams of charged particles in plasmas is modelled by a particle-in-cell (PIC) simulation. Each beam consists of the electrons and positrons. The four…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2009-05-05 M E Dieckmann , P K Shukla , L Stenflo

Successful phenomenological models of pulsar wind nebulae assume efficient dissipation of the Poynting flux of the magnetized electron-positron wind as well as efficient acceleration of the pairs in the vicinity of the termination shock,…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2016-08-03 M. Lemoine

We interpret $\gamma$-ray flares from the Crab Nebula as the signature of turbulence in the pulsar's electromagnetic outflow. Turbulence is triggered upstream by dynamical instability of the wind's oscillating magnetic field, and…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2016-06-01 Jonathan Zrake

Energetic pulsars power winds of relativistic leptons which produce photon nebulae (so- called pulsar wind nebulae, PWNe). Their spectral energy distribution has a double-humped structure: the first hump lies in the X-ray regime, the second…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2013-05-16 M. Mayer , J. Brucker , M. Holler , I. Jung , K. Valerius , C. Stegmann

The formation of a large-scale current sheet is a generic feature of pulsar magnetospheres. If the magnetic axis is misaligned with the star rotation axis, the current sheet is an oscillatory structure filling an equatorial wedge determined…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2020-10-21 Benoît Cerutti , Alexander Philippov , Guillaume Dubus

Magnetic reconnection and turbulence in magnetically-dominated environments have been proposed as important nonthermal particle acceleration mechanisms that generate high energy particles and associated emissions. While the acceleration to…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2025-06-26 Fan Guo , Omar French , Qile Zhang , Xiaocan Li , Jeongbhin Seo

We have selected a group of 100 evolved planetary nebulae (PNe) and study their kinematics based upon spatially-resolved, long-slit, echelle spectroscopy. The data have been drawn from the San Pedro M\'artir Kinematic Catalogue of PNe…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2019-08-19 Margarita Pereyra , Michael G. Richer , José Alberto López

A simulation package employing a Particle in Cell (PIC) method is developed to study the high current beam transport and the dynamics of plasmas. This package includes subroutines those are suited for various planned projects at University…

Accelerator Physics · Physics 2016-06-21 N. Joshi

We follow up on our (Radhakrishnan & Deshpande, 2001: RD01) radically different interpretation of the observed structures and morphologies in the x-ray observations of the nebulae around young pulsars (PWNe). In our general model for PWNe…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-11-26 Avinash A. Deshpande , V. Radhakrishnan

In this paper we explore the evolution of a PWN while the pulsar is spinning down. An MHD approach is used to simulate the evolution of a composite remnant. Particular attention is given to the adiabatic loss rate and evolution of the…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2009-06-16 O. C. de Jager , S. E. S. Ferreira , A. Djannati-Ataï , M. Dalton , C. Deil , K. Kosack , M. Renaud , U. Schwanke , O. Tibolla

Room-temperature metals and semi-metals which consist of a gas of bound electrons in a near-continuum band structure can be classified as cold quantum plasmas. This insight suggests that Particle-in-Cell (PIC) simulations, traditionally…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2025-01-14 Gregory K. Ngirmang , Hue T. B. Do , Guangxin Liu , Michel Bosman , Lin Wu

Particle-in-Cell (PIC) method is a powerful plasma simulation tool for investigating high-intensity femtosecond laser-matter interaction. However, its simulation capability at high-density plasmas around the Fermi temperature is considered…

In the last decade, the relativistic magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) modelling of pulsar wind nebulae, and of the Crab nebula in particular, has been highly successful, with many of the observed dynamical and emission properties reproduced down…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2016-10-26 B. Olmi , L. Del Zanna , E. Amato , N. Bucciantini , A. Mignone

Recently, two photons with energy of about 1 PeV have been detected by LHAASO from the Crab nebula, opening an ultra-high energy window for studying the pulsar wind nebulae (PWNe). Remarkably, the LHAASO spectrum at the highest-energy end…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2021-12-08 Ruo-Yu Liu , Xiang-Yu Wang

Plasma outflows from gamma-ray bursts (GRB), pulsar winds, relativistic jets, and ultra-intense laser targets radiate high energy photons. However, radiation damping is ignored in conventional PIC simulations. In this letter, we study the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Koichi Noguchi , Edison Liang , Kazumi Nishimura

An integrated simulation approach fully based upon particle-in-cell (PIC) model is proposed, which involves both fast particle generation via laser solid-density plasma interaction and transport and energy deposition of the particles in…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2015-01-12 W. -M. Wang , P. Gibbon , Z. -M. Sheng , Y. -T. Li