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In preparation for Higgs factories and energy-frontier facilities, future colliders are moving toward high-granularity calorimeters to improve reconstruction quality. However, the cost and construction complexity of such detectors is…

High Energy Physics - Experiment · Physics 2025-06-04 Nilotpal Kakati , Etienne Dreyer , Eilam Gross

Prototypes of electromagnetic and hadronic imaging calorimeters developed and operated by the CALICE collaboration provide an unprecedented wealth of highly granular data of hadronic showers for a variety of active sensor elements and…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2022-09-21 Héctor García Cabrera

To achieve state-of-the-art jet energy resolution for Particle Flow, sophisticated energy clustering algorithms must be developed that can fully exploit available information to separate energy deposits from charged and neutral particles.…

Precision physics at future colliders requires highly granular calorimeters to support the Particle Flow Approach for event reconstruction. This article presents a review of about 10 - 15 years of R\&D, mainly conducted within the CALICE…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2016-04-20 Felix Sefkow , Andy White , Kiyotomo Kawagoe , Roman Pöschl , José Repond

Simulating showers of particles in highly-granular calorimeters is a key frontier in the application of machine learning to particle physics. Achieving high accuracy and speed with generative machine learning models can enable them to…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2026-02-02 Thorsten Buss , Frank Gaede , Gregor Kasieczka , Anatolii Korol , Katja Krüger , Peter McKeown , Martina Mozzanica

Efficient and accurate algorithms are necessary to reconstruct particles in the highly granular detectors anticipated at the High-Luminosity Large Hadron Collider and the Future Circular Collider. We study scalable machine learning models…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2024-07-17 Joosep Pata , Eric Wulff , Farouk Mokhtar , David Southwick , Mengke Zhang , Maria Girone , Javier Duarte

The CALICE collaboration is developing highly granular calorimeters for experiments at a future lepton collider primarily to establish technologies for particle flow event reconstruction. These technologies also find applications elsewhere,…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2017-06-28 Yong Liu

CALICE collaboration is developing highly granular calorimeters suitable for individual reconstruction of particles in the jets using Particle Flow Algorithms. Such calorimeters should provide the best jet energy resolution at future high…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2018-02-05 Kostiantyn Shpak

The CALICE collaboration has constructed highly granular electromagnetic and hadronic calorimeter prototypes to evaluate technologies for the use in detector systems at the future International Linear Collider. These calorimeters have been…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2019-08-13 Frank Simon

The CALICE collaboration has constructed highly granular hadronic and electromagnetic calorimeter prototypes to evaluate technologies for the use in detector systems at a future Linear Collider. The hadron calorimeter uses 7608 small…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2010-06-21 Katja Seidel

The particle detectors at the future linear colliders, like ILD and SiD, use Particle Flow Algorithms (PFA)s to reach higher jet energy resolutions than the classical pure calorimetry. During the past few years, the University of Iowa group…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2012-03-02 Garabed Halladjian , Usha Mallik , Remi Zaidan

The particle-flow (PF) algorithm, which infers particles based on tracks and calorimeter clusters, is of central importance to event reconstruction in the CMS experiment at the CERN LHC, and has been a focus of development in light of…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2023-04-03 Farouk Mokhtar , Joosep Pata , Javier Duarte , Eric Wulff , Maurizio Pierini , Jean-Roch Vlimant

A novel method to reconstruct the energy of hadronic showers in the CMS High Granularity Calorimeter (HGCAL) is presented. The HGCAL is a sampling calorimeter with very fine transverse and longitudinal granularity. The active media are…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2024-12-20 M. Aamir , G. Adamov , T. Adams , C. Adloff , S. Afanasiev , C. Agrawal , C. Agrawal , A. Ahmad , H. A. Ahmed , S. Akbar , N. Akchurin , B. Akgul , B. Akgun , R. O. Akpinar , E. Aktas , A. Al Kadhim , V. Alexakhin , J. Alimena , J. Alison , A. Alpana , W. Alshehri , P. Alvarez Dominguez , M. Alyari , C. Amendola , R. B. Amir , S. B. Andersen , Y. Andreev , P. D. Antoszczuk , U. Aras , L. Ardila , P. Aspell , M. Avila , I. Awad , O. Aydilek , Z. Azimi , A. Aznar Pretel , O. A. Bach , R. Bainbridge , A. Bakshi , B. Bam , S. Banerjee , D. Barney , O. Bayraktar , F. Beaudette , F. Beaujean , E. Becheva , P. K. Behera , A. Belloni , T. Bergauer , M. Besancon , O. Bessidskaia Bylund , L. Bhatt , S. Bhattacharya , D. Bhowmil , F. Blekman , P. Blinov , P. Bloch , A. Bodek , a. Boger , A. Bonnemaison , F. Bouyjou , L. Brennan , E. Brondolin , A. Brusamolino , I. Bubanja , A. Buchot Perraguin , P. Bunin , A. Burazin Misura , A. Butler-nalin , A. Cakir , S. Callier , S. Campbell , Y. B. Candemir , K. Canderan , K. Cankocak , A. Cappati , S. Caregari , S. Carron , C. Carty , A. Cauchois , L. Ceard , S. Cerci , P. J. Chang , R. M. Chatterjee , S. Chatterjee , P. Chattopadhyay , T. Chatzistavrou , M. S. Chaudhary , J. A. Chen , J. Chen , Y. Chen , K. Cheng , H. Cheung , J. Chhikara , A. Chiron , M. Chiusi , D. Chokheli , R. Chudasama , E. Clement , S. Coco Mendez , D. Coko , K. Coskun , F. Couderc , B. Crossman , Z. Cui , T. Cuisset , G. Cummings , E. M. Curtis , M. D'Alfonso , J. Döhler-Ball , O. Dadazhanova , J. Damgov , I. Das , S. Das Gupta , P. Dauncey , A. David Tinoco Mendes , G. Davies , O. Davignon , P. de Barbaro , C. De La Taille , M. De Silva , A. De Wit , P. Debbins , M. M. Defranchis , E. Delagnes , P. Devouge , G. Di Guglielmo , L. Diehl , K. Dilsiz , G. G. Dincer , J. Dittmann , M. Dragicevic , D. Du , B. Dubinchik , S. Dugad , F. Dulucq , I. Dumanoglu , B. Duran , S. Dutta , V. Dutta , A. Dychkant , M. Dünser , T. Edberg , I. T. Ehle , A. El Berni , F. Elias , S. C. Eno , E. N. Erdogan , B. Erkmen , Y. Ershov , E. Y. Ertorer , S. Extier , L. Eychenne , Y. E. Fedar , G. Fedi , J. P. Figueiredo De Sá Sousa De Almeida , B. A. Fontana Santos Alves , E. Frahm , K. Francis , J. Freeman , T. French , F. Gaede , P. K. Gandhi , S. Ganjour , A. Garcia-Bellido , F. Gastaldi , L. Gazi , Z. Gecse , H. Gerwig , O. Gevin , S. Ghosh , S. Ghosh , K. Gill , C. Gingu , S. Gleyzer , N. Godinovic , P. Goettlicher , R. Goff , M. Gok , A. Golunov , B. Gonultas , J. D. González Martínez , N. Gorbounov , L. Gouskos , A. Gray , L. Gray , C. Grieco , S. Groenroos , D. Groner , A. Gruber , A. Grummer , S. Grönroos , D. Guerrero , F. Guilloux , Y. Guler , A. D. Gungordu , J. Guo , K. Guo , E. Gurpinar Guler , H. K. Gutti , A. A. Guvenli , E. Gülmez , B. Hacisahinoglu , Y. Halkin , G. Hamilton Ilha Machado , H. S. Hare , K. Hatakeyama , A. H. Heering , V. Hegde , U. Heintz , N. Hinton , A. Hinzmann , J. Hirschauer , D. Hitlin , J. Hoff , İ. Hos , B. Hou , X. Hou , A. Howard , C. Howe , H. Hsieh , T. Hsu , H. Hua , F. Hummer , M. Imran , J. Incandela , E. Iren , B. Isildak , P. S. Jackson , W. J. Jackson , S. Jain , P. Jana , J. Jaroslavceva , S. Jena , A. Jige , P. P. Jordano , U. Joshi , K. Kaadze , V. Kachanov , A. Kafizov , L. Kalipoliti , A. Kallil Tharayil , O. Kaluzinska , S. Kamble , A. Kaminskiy , M. Kanemura , H. Kanso , Y. Kao , A. Kapic , C. Kapsiak , V. Karjavine , S. Karmakar , A. Karneyeu , M. Kaya , A. Kayis Topaksu , B. Kaynak , Y. Kazhykarim , F. A. Khan , A. Khudiakov , J. Kieseler , R. S. Kim , T. Klijnsma , E. G. Kloiber , M. Klute , Z. Kocak , K. R. Kodali , K. Koetz , T. Kolberg , O. B. Kolcu , J. R. Komaragiri , M. Komm , I. Kopsalis , H. A. Krause , M. A. Krawczyk , T. R. Krishnaswamy Vinayakam , K. Kristiansen , A. Kristic , M. Krohn , B. Kronheim , K. Krüger , C. Kudtarkar , S. Kulis , M. Kumar , N. Kumar , S. Kumar , R. Kumar Verma , S. Kunori , A. Kunts , C. Kuo , A. Kurenkov , V. Kuryatkov , S. Kyre , J. Ladenson , K. Lamichhane , G. Landsberg , J. Langford , A. Laudrain , R. Laughlin , J. Lawhorn , O. Le Dortz , S. W. Lee , A. Lektauers , D. Lelas , M. Leon , L. Levchuk , A. J. Li , J. Li , Y. Li , Z. Liang , H. Liao , K. Lin , W. Lin , Z. Lin , D. Lincoln , L. Linssen , A. Litomin , G. Liu , Y. Liu , A. Lobanov , V. Lohezic , T. Loiseau , C. Lu , R. Lu , S. Y. Lu , P. Lukens , M. Mackenzie , A. Magnan , F. Magniette , A. Mahjoub , D. Mahon , G. Majumder , V. Makarenko , A. Malakhov , L. Malgeri , S. Mallios , C. Mandloi , A. Mankel , M. Mannelli , J. Mans , C. Mantilla , G. Martinez , C. Massa , P. Masterson , M. Matthewman , V. Matveev , S. Mayekar , I. Mazlov , A. Mehta , A. Mestvirishvili , Y. Miao , G. Milella , I. R. Mirza , P. Mitra , S. Moccia , G. B. Mohanty , F. Monti , F. Moortgat , S. Murthy , J. Music , Y. Musienko , S. Nabili , J. W. Nelson , A. Nema , I. Neutelings , J. Niedziela , A. Nikitenko , D. Noonan , M. Noy , K. Nurdan , S. Obraztsov , C. Ochando , H. Ogul , J. Olsson , Y. Onel , S. Ozkorucuklu , E. Paganis , P. Palit , R. Pan , S. Pandey , F. Pantaleo , C. Papageorgakis , S. Paramesvaran , M. M. Paranjpe , S. Parolia , A. G. Parsons , P. Parygin , J. Pastika , M. Paulini , C. Paus , K. Peñaló Castillo , K. Pedro , V. Pekic , T. Peltola , B. Peng , A. Perego , D. Perini , A. Petrilli , H. Pham , S. K. Podem , V. Popov , L. Portales , O. Potok , P. B. Pradeep , R. Pramanik , H. Prosper , M. Prvan , S. R. Qasim , H. Qu , T. Quast , A. Quiroga Trivio , L. Rabour , N. Raicevic , M. A. Rao , K. Rapacz , W. Redjeb , M. Reinecke , M. Revering , A. Roberts , J. Rohlf , P. Rosado , A. Rose , S. Rothman , P. K. Rout , M. Rovere , A. Roy , P. Rubinov , P. Rumerio , R. Rusack , L. Rygaard , V. Ryjov , S. Sadivnycha , M. Ö. Sahin , U. Sakarya , R. Salerno , R. Saradhy , M. Saraf , K. Sarbandi , M. A. Sarkisla , I. Satyshev , N. Saud , J. Sauvan , G. Schindler , A. Schmidt , I. Schmidt , M. H. Schmitt , A. Sculac , T. Sculac , A. Sedelnikov , C. Seez , F. Sefkow , D. Selivanova , M. Selvaggi , V. Sergeychik , H. Sert , M. Shahid , P. Sharma , R. Sharma , S. Sharma , M. Shelake , A. Shenai , C. W. Shih , R. Shinde , D. Shmygol , R. Shukla , E. Sicking , P. Silva , C. Simsek , E. Simsek , B. K. Sirasva , Y. Sirois , S. Song , Y. Song , G. Soudais , S. Sriram , R. R. St Jacques , A. G. Stahl Leiton , A. Steen , J. Stein , J. Strait , N. Strobbe , X. Su , E. Sukhov , A. Suleiman , D. Sunar Cerci , P. Suryadevara , K. Swain , C. Syal , B. Tali , K. Tanay , W. Tang , A. Tanvir , J. Tao , A. Tarabini , T. Tatli , R. Taylor , Z. C. Taysi , G. Teafoe , C. Z. Tee , W. Terrill , D. Thienpont , P. E. Thomas , R. Thomas , M. Titov , C. Todd , E. Todd , M. Toms , A. Tosun , J. Troska , L. Tsai , Z. Tsamalaidze , D. Tsionou , G. Tsipolitis , M. Tsirigoti , R. Tu , S. N. Tural Polat , S. Undleeb , E. Usai , E. Uslan , V. Ustinov , A. Uzunian , E. Vernazza , O. Viahin , O. Viazlo , P. Vichoudis , A. Vijay , T. Virdee , E. Voirin , M. Vojinovic , T. Á. Vámi , A. Wade , D. Walter , C. Wang , F. Wang , J. Wang , K. Wang , X. Wang , X. Wang , Y. Wang , Z. Wang , E. Wanlin , M. Wayne , J. Wetzel , A. Whitbeck , R. Wickwire , D. Wilmot , J. Wilson , H. Wu , M. Xiao , J. Yang , B. Yazici , Y. Ye , B. Yerli , T. Yetkin , R. Yi , R. Yohay , T. Yu , C. Yuan , X. Yuan , O. Yuksel , I. YushmanoV , I. Yusuff , A. Zabi , D. Zareckis , P. Zehetner , A. Zghiche , C. Zhang , D. Zhang , H. Zhang , J. Zhang , J. Zhang , Z. Zhang , X. Zhao , J. Zhong , Y. Zhou , Ç. Zorbilmez

The development of automated solutions to pattern recognition problems is important in many areas of scientific research and human endeavour. This paper describes the implementation of the Pandora Software Development Kit, which aids the…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2015-09-29 J. S. Marshall , M. A. Thomson

In particle physics experiments, the quality of calorimetric particle detection is typically considerably worse for hadrons than for electromagnetic showers. In this paper, we investigate the root causes of this problem and evaluate two…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2018-03-14 Sehwook Lee , Michele Livan , Richard Wigmans

At the future electron-positron TeV linear collider, the reachable physics will be strongly dependent on the detector capability to reconstruct high energy jets in multi-jet environment. At LEP, SLD experiments, a technique combining…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2017-08-23 Jean-Claude Brient

A Particle Flow Algorithm (PFA) with the minimized dependence on the detector geometry is presented. Current PFA implementation includes procedures of the track reconstruction, calorimeter clustering, and individual particle reconstruction…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2007-05-23 A. Raspereza

Physicists at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) rely on detailed simulations of particle collisions to build expectations of what experimental data may look like under different theory modeling assumptions. Petabytes of simulated data are…

High Energy Physics - Experiment · Physics 2018-02-06 Michela Paganini , Luke de Oliveira , Benjamin Nachman

The high-luminosity upgrade of the LHC will come with unprecedented physics and computing challenges. One of these challenges is the accurate reconstruction of particles in events with up to 200 simultaneous proton-proton interactions. The…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2021-06-04 Shah Rukh Qasim , Kenneth Long , Jan Kieseler , Maurizio Pierini , Raheel Nawaz

Simulated calorimeter performance in the SiD detector is examined. The software calibration procedures are described, as well as the perfect pattern recognition PFA reconstruction. Performance of the SiD calorimeters is summarized with jet…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2009-02-17 Ron Cassell