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Directed acyclic graphs or Bayesian networks that are popular in many AI related sectors for probabilistic inference and causal reasoning can be mapped to probabilistic circuits built out of probabilistic bits (p-bits), analogous to binary…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2021-03-09 Rafatul Faria , Jan Kaiser , Kerem Y. Camsari , Supriyo Datta

Memcomputing logic gates generalize the traditional Boolean logic gates for operation in the reverse direction. According to the literature, this functionality enables the efficient solution of computationally-intensive problems including…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2024-02-02 Y. V. Pershin

Reversible logic has attracted much research interest over the last few decades, especially due to its application in quantum computing. In the construction of reversible gates from basic gates, ancilla bits are commonly used to remove…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2015-06-12 Siyao Xu

The transistor celebrated its 75${}^\text{th}$ birthday in 2022. The continued scaling of the transistor defined by Moore's Law continues, albeit at a slower pace. Meanwhile, computing demands and energy consumption required by modern…

Probabilistic computers replace logic gates with networks of interacting random variables, creating bidirectional systems that can back-derive inputs from outputs. Such architectures enable efficient generation of random samples,…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2026-01-21 Shreyes Nallan , Jian-Gang Zhu

Probabilistic circuits (PCs) offer a promising avenue to perform embedded reasoning under uncertainty. They support efficient and exact computation of various probabilistic inference tasks by design. Hence, hardware-efficient computation of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-24 Lingyun Yao , Martin Trapp , Jelin Leslin , Gaurav Singh , Peng Zhang , Karthekeyan Periasamy , Martin Andraud

Loss of every bit in traditional logic circuits involves dissipation of power in the form of heat that evolve to the environment. Reversible logic is one of the alternatives that have capabilities to mitigate this dissipation by preventing…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2021-08-24 Hari Mohan Gaur , Ashutosh Kumar Singh , Umesh Ghanekar

Memristors have been suggested as a novel route to neuromorphic computing based on the similarity between neurons (synapses and ion pumps) and memristors. The D.C. action of the memristor is a current spike, which we think will be fruitful…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2014-02-18 Ella Gale , Ben de Lacy Costello , Andrew Adamatzky

Oscillator Ising Machines (OIMs) and probabilistic bit (p-bit)-based computing platforms have emerged as promising paradigms for tackling complex combinatorial optimization problems. Although traditionally viewed as distinct approaches,…

Computational Physics · Physics 2026-01-26 E. M. Hasantha Ekanayake , Nikhat Khan , Nikhil Shukla

Memristors are promising next-generation memory candidates that are nonvolatile, possess low power requirements and are capable of nanoscale fabrication. In this article we physically realise and describe the use of organic memristors in…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2012-12-17 Victor Erokhin , Gerard David Howard , Andrew Adamatzky

In this work, we present a class of new designs for reversible binary and BCD adder circuits. The proposed designs are primarily optimized for the number of ancilla inputs and the number of garbage outputs and are designed for possible best…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-12-08 Himanshu Thapliyal , Nagarajan Ranganathan

Construction of parallel logic gates at nano-scale level undoubtedly improves the efficiency of computable operations. In this work we put forward a new idea of designing two distinct logical operations {\em simultaneously} in the two…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2018-10-10 Moumita Patra , Santanu K. Maiti

In this paper we discuss the potential of emerging spintorque devices for computing applications. Recent proposals for spinbased computing schemes may be differentiated as all-spin vs. hybrid, programmable vs. fixed, and, Boolean vs.…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2013-08-19 Kaushik Roy , Mrigank Sharad , Deliang Fan , Karthik Yogendra

Probabilistic computing has emerged as a viable approach to treat optimization problems. To achieve superior computing performance, the key aspect during computation is massive sampling and tuning on the probability states of each…

Applied Physics · Physics 2025-02-07 Yadi Wang , Bin Chen , Wenping Gao , Biying Ye , Chang Niu , Wenbin Wang , Yinyan Zhu , Weichao Yu , Hangwen Guo , Jian Shen

We show that the established physics of spin valves together with the recently discovered giant spin-Hall effect could be used to construct Read and Write units that can be integrated into a single spin switch with input-output isolation,…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2013-01-08 Supriyo Datta , Sayeef Salahuddin , Behtash Behin-Aein

We develop a computation model for solving Boolean networks that implements wires through quantum ground-state computation and implements gates through identities following from angular momentum algebra and statistics. The gates are static…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Giuseppe Castagnoli , David Ritz Finkelstein

We present numerical results which show how two-bit logic gates can be used in the design of a quantum computer. We show that the Toffoli gate, which is a universal gate for all classical reversible computation, can be implemented using a…

Condensed Matter · Physics 2007-05-23 David P. DiVincenzo , John Smolin

We present a general hardware framework for building networks that directly implement Reservoir Computing, a popular software method for implementing and training Recurrent Neural Networks and are particularly suited for temporal…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2017-10-02 Samiran Ganguly , Kerem Y. Camsari , Avik W. Ghosh

Ising machines can solve combinatorial optimization problems by representing them as energy minimization problems. A common implementation is the probabilistic Ising machine (PIM), which uses probabilistic (p-) bits to represent coupled…

A programmable optical computer has remained an elusive concept. To construct a practical computing primitive equivalent to an electronic Boolean logic, one should find a nonlinear phenomenon that overcomes weaknesses present in many…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2017-09-26 Tuomo von Lerber , Matti Lassas , Quang Trung Le , Vladimir Lyubopytov , Arkadi Chipouline , Klaus Hofmann , Franko Kueppers